[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Arts, Poetics, Architecture & Lexicography](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art) › [Poetics](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.alamkara) › [Treatises on rasa, the erotic sentiment and heroines](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.alamkara.rasa) › [Śṛṅgāraprakāśa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.alamkara.rasa.srngaraprakasa) › [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.alamkara.rasa.srngaraprakasa~en-mt) › 5.p1.4 # Shringaraprakasha 5.p1.4 English (machine translation) 5.p1.4 - **Language:** English ### [5.p1.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.alamkara.rasa.srngaraprakasa~en-mt.5.p1.4) As it has been stated: “And the limiting condition of action is the states of past, future, and present; / endowed with power, it attains \[the division into\] posterior and anterior meanings.” This \[grammatical tense\] is twelvefold through divisions beginning with the past. Namely: past, past non-current day, future, future non-current day, present, present non-current day, unperceived, lapsed, undifferentiated, intermixed, dispersed, and widely dispersed. The past, which is the domain of the aorist affix and so forth, is past time in general; it is sixfold: past, emphatic past, past non-current day, imputed current day, continuous current day, and proximate current day. Among these, the past with unspecified distinction is, for example: akarṣīt \[he dragged\], niṣasāda \[he sat down\], uvāsa \[he lived\], śuśrāva \[he heard\], apakta \[he cooked\], paktavān \[he has cooked\]. The emphatic past is where affixes such as the non-current day and unperceived are disregarded because of an emphatic degree understood from another word, as: avātsuriha purā cchātrāḥ \[students formerly lived here\]. The past non-current day is that which has an intended other limit, as: anyāmagāmaghoṣāt \[I went to another from the cowherd settlement\]. The imputed current day is the remainder of the night when there is continuous waking, as: amutrāvātsam \[I dwelt there\]; having stayed awake the entire night, one regards time as current day because of the absence of night. The continuous current day is where the cessation of an action is unintended, as: yāvajjīvaṃ bhṛṣamannamadāt \[he gave abundant food as long as he lived\]. The proximate current day is where the immediate sequence of an action is intended, as: yeyaṃ gatā paurṇamāsī asyāmupādhyāyo'gnīnādadhīta \[this full moon day that has passed, on it the teacher should set up the sacred fires\]. On this point, it is taught \[in the grammar\] that in the case of immediate proximity, continuity of action and proximity are optionally treated like the non-current day. Thus, the non-current day past, having no current day \[portion\], is the cause of the imperfect affix. It is sixfold: general non-current day, particular non-current day, non-current day of recollection, well-known unperceived, interrogative unperceived, and unperceived marked by ha and śaśvat. Among these, the general non-current day has unperceivedness and so forth unintended, as: yāvajjīvaṃ bhṛśamannamadāt \[he gave abundant food as long as he lived\]. The proximate current day is where the immediate sequence of an action is intended, as: yeyaṃ gatā paurṇamāsī asyāmupādhyāyo'gnīnādadhīta \[this full moon day that has passed, on it the teacher should set up the sacred fires\]. - [Previous: 5.p1.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.alamkara.rasa.srngaraprakasa~en-mt.5.p1.3) - [Next: 5.p1.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.alamkara.rasa.srngaraprakasa~en-mt.5.p1.5) - [Up: 5.p1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.alamkara.rasa.srngaraprakasa~en-mt.5.p1) ## Linked texts (1) - [Śṛṅgāraprakāśa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.alamkara.rasa.srngaraprakasa.5.p1.4) — Bhoja, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.alamkara.rasa.srngaraprakasa~en-mt.5.p1.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.alamkara.rasa.srngaraprakasa~en-mt.5.p1.4) · Pramāṇa