[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Arts, Poetics, Architecture & Lexicography](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art) › [Lexicography](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.kosa) › [Shabdakalpadruma](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.kosa.sabdakalpadruma) › 634.36 # Shabdakalpadruma 634.36 Śabdakalpadruma 634.36 - **Language:** Sanskrit ## Contents - [634.36.p1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.kosa.sabdakalpadruma.634.36.p1) — 6 parts ### [634.36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.kosa.sabdakalpadruma.634.36) 3 ### [634.36.p1.1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.kosa.sabdakalpadruma.634.36.p1.1) ) velā | iti viśvaḥ sīmāvivādaḥ, puṃ, (sīmāyyāḥ vivādaḥ |) grāmādīnāṃ somāviṣayakakalahaḥ | yathā | adhunā sīmāvivādanirṇaya ucyate “sīmno vivāde cetrasya sāmantāḥ sthavirādayaḥ gopāḥ somākkaṣāṇā ye sarvvaṃ ca vanagocarāḥ nayeyurete somānaṃ svalāṅgāratuṣadrumaiḥ setuvalmīkanimnāsthicetyādyairupalakṣitām ||” grāmadvayasambandhinaḥ kṣetrasya somno vivāditayaikagrāmāttarvvattiṃkṣetramaryyādāvivāde ca sāmantādayaḥ svalāṅgārādibhiḥ pūrvvakṛtaiḥ somālakṣaṇairupalakṣitāṃ cihnitāṃ somāṃ nayeyuḥ nirṇayeyuḥ somā cetādviprayyīdā sā caturvvidhā | janapadasomā 1 grāmasomā 2 kṣetrasomā 3 gṛhasīmā 4 ceti | sā ca yathāsambhavaṃ pañcalakṣaṇā taduktaṃ nāradena “dhvajino matsinī caiva naidhānī bhayavarjjitā rājaśāsananītā ca somā pañcavidhā smṛtā ||” dhvajinī vṛkṣādilakṣitā | vṛkṣādīnāṃ prakāśakatvena dhvajatulyatvāt | matsinī salilavatī matsyaśabdasya svadhārajalalakṣaṇatvāt | naidhānī nikhātatuṣāṅgārādimatī | teṣāṃ nikhātatvena nidhānatulyatvāt | bhayavarjitā arthipratyarthiparasparasampratipattinirmitā | rājaśāsananautā | prādyacihnābhāve rājecchayā nirmmitā evabhūtāyāṃ ṣor̤hā vivādaḥ saṃbhavati | yathāha kātyāyanaḥ “ādhikyaṃ nyūnatā cāṃśe astināstitvameva ca abhogabhuktiḥ saumā ca ṣaḍbhūvādasya hetavaḥ||” iti | tathā hi | mamāca pañcanivarttanāyā bhūmeradhikā bhūrastīti kenacidukte pañcanivarttanaiva nādhiketyādhikye vivādaḥ pañcanivarttanā madauyā ### [634.36.p1.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.kosa.sabdakalpadruma.634.36.p1.2) bhūrityuktena tato nyūnaiveti nyūnatāyām | pañcanivarttano mamāṃśa ityukte'yama eva nāstautyastināsti|navivādaḥ sambhavati | madoyā bhūḥ prāgavidyamānabhogeva bhujyata ityānaṃ na gantatā cira mānyeva me bhuktirityabhogamuktau vivādaḥ | dvayaṃ mamvediyañceti somāvivāda iti ṣaṭprakāra eva vivādaḥ sambhavati | ṣaṭprakāreḍapi bhūvivāde bhṛtyaryābhyāṃ somāyā api nirṇayamānatvāt somānirṇayaprakaraṇe tasyāntarbhāvaḥ | samantāṅgavāḥ sāmantāḥ | catasṛṣu dikṣvanantarā grāmādayasta ca pratisīsaṃ vyavasthitāḥ “grāmo grāmeṣu sāmantaḥ kṣetraṃ kṣetrasya kīrttigṛhaṃ gṛhasya nirdiṣṭaṃ samantāt parirathya hi ||” “saṃsaktakāstu sāmantāstatsaṃsaktāstathottaraIḥ saṃsaktasaktasaṃsaktāḥ pañcākārāḥ prakīrttitāḥ ||” “niṣyādyamānaṃ yaṃ dṛṣṭaṃ tat kāryyaṃ tadguṇānviteḥ vṛddhā vā yadi vāhvāste ca vṛddhāḥ prakīrttitāḥ ye tatra pūrvaṃ sāmantāḥ paścāddeśāntaraṃ gatāḥ tanmūlatvānnu te maulā ṛṣibhiḥ parikīrttitāḥ upaśravaṇasambhogakāryyākhyānopacihnitāḥ uddharanti punaryasmāduṣṭatāste tataḥ smṛtāḥ ||” gopā gocārakāḥ “somākṛṣāṇāḥ somāntenicita kṣetrakarṣakāḥ |” sarvva ca vanagocarā vanacāriṇo vyādhādayaste ca manunāktāḥ “vyādhān śākunikān gopān kaivarttān mūlakhātakān vyālagrāhānuñchavṛttīnanyaIṃśca vanagocarān ||” sthalamunnato bhūpradeśaḥ | aṅgāro'gnaṃ kvacidvahram tuṣā dhānyatvacaḥ | drumā nyagrodhādayaḥ | seturjalapravāhabandhaḥ | caityaṃ pāṣāṇādibandhaḥ śrādyaśabdena veṇuvālukādīnāṃ grahaṇam| etāni ca prakāśāprakāśabhedena dviḥprakārāṇi | tathā ca manuḥ “somāvṛkṣāṃstu kurvīta nyagrodhāśvatyakiṃśukān ### [634.36.p1.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.kosa.sabdakalpadruma.634.36.p1.3) śālmalīn tālatāṃlāṃśca kṣīriṇaśceva pādapān gulmān veṇūṃśca vividhān śamī vallī sthalāni ca śarān kubjakagulmāṃśca tathā somā na naśyati tar̤āgānudapānāni vāpīḥ prasavaṇāni ca somāsandhiṣu kāryyāṇi devatāyatanāni ca ||” iti prakāśarūpāṇi “upacchannāni cānyāni somāliṅgāni kārayet somājñāne nṛṇāṃ bokhannityaṃ loke viparyyayam bhasmano'sthīni gobālāṃstuṣān bhasmakarpālikāḥ karīṣamiṣṭakāṅgāraśarkarāvālukāstathā yāni caivaṃ prakārāṇi kālādbhūmirna bhakṣayet tāni sandhiṣu somāyā aprākāṇāni kārayet etairliṅgairnayet somāṃ rājā vivadamānayoḥ ||” pracchannaliṅgāni etaiḥ prakāśāprakāśarūpairliṅgaiḥ sāmantādipradarśitaiḥ somāṃ prati vivadamānayoḥ somāniścayaṃ kuryyādrājā || || yadā punaścihnāni na santi vidyamānāni vā liṅgāliṅgatayā sandigdhāni tadā nirṇayopāyamāha “sāmantā vā samagrāmāścatvāro'ṣṭau daśāpi vā raktasragvasanāḥ somāṃ nayeyuḥ kṣitidhāriṇaḥ ||” sāmantāḥ pūrvoktalakṣaṇāḥ | samagrāmāścatvāro'ṣṭau daśāpi vā ityevaṃ samasaṃkhyāḥ pratyāsannagrāmotyāḥ | raktasragviṇī raktasragdharāḥ mūrddhāropitakṣitikhaṇḍāḥ somānaṃ nayeyuḥ pradarśayeyuḥ sāmantā veti vikalpāmidhānaṃ smṛtyantaroktasākṣyabhiprāyam | yathāha manuḥ “sākṣipratyaya eva syāt somāvādavinirṇayaḥ | ” tatra ca sākṣiṇāṃ nirṇayatvaṃ mukhyaṃ tadabhāve sāmantānām | taduktam “sākṣyabhāve tu catvāro grāmāḥ sīmantavāsinaḥ somānirṇayaṃ kuryuḥ prayatā rājasannidhau ||” tadabhāve tatsaṃsaktādīnāṃ nirṇayatvam | yathāha kātyāyanaḥ “svārthasiddhau praduṣṭeṣu sāmanteṣvarthagauravāt tatsaṃsakteṣu katrttavya uddhāro nātra saṃśayaḥ ### [634.36.p1.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.kosa.sabdakalpadruma.634.36.p1.4) saṃsaktasaktadoṣe tu tatsaṃsaktāḥ prakīrttitāḥ karttavyā na praduṣṭāstu rājā dharmaṃ vijānatā ||” sāmantādyabhāve maulādayo grāhyāḥ | teṣāmabhāve sāmantā mauladṛṣṭoddhatādayaḥ | sthāvaraṃ ṣaṭprakāreḍapi kāryyā nātra vicāraṇeti kātyāyanena kramavidhānāt | ete ca sāmantādayaḥ saṃkhyāguṇātirekeṇa saṃbhavanti “sāmantāḥ sādhanaṃ pūrvvaṃ nirdoṣāḥ syurguṇānvitāḥ ||” dviguṇāstūsarā śreyāstato'nye triguṇā matāḥ iti smaraṇāt te ca sākṣiṇaḥ sāmantādayaśca straṃḥ straiḥ śapathaiḥ śāpitāḥ santaḥ somāṃ nayeyuḥ “śirobhistaṃ gṛhotvārṣī sragviṇo raktavāsasaḥ sukṛtaiḥ śāpitāḥ skhaiḥ skhai nayeyuste samañjasam iti smaraṇāt nayeyuriti bahuvacanaṃ dvayornirāsārthaṃ naikasya “ekaścedunnayet somāṃ sopavāsaḥ samunnayet raktamālyāmbaradharo bhūmimādāya mūrddhani ||” iti nāradenaikasyābhyanujñānāt | yattu “naikaḥ samunnayet somāṃ naraḥ pratyayavānapi gurutvādasya kāryyasya kriyaiṣā bahuṣu sthitā ||” ityekasya niṣedhaḥ | sa ubhayānumatadharmāvidatiriktāviṣaya ityāvirodhaḥ khakhādiviṅgābhāve'pi sākṣisāmantādīnāṃ somājñāna upāyaviśeṣo nāradenoktaḥ “nimnagāpakṣatotṛṣṭanaṣṭacihnāsu bhūmiṣu tattaddeśānumānācca pramāṇādbhogadarśanāt ||” nimnagāyā nadyā prapannatenāpaharaṇenotssṛṣṭāni svasthānāt pracutāni naṣṭāni vā liṅgāni yāsu maryādābhūmiṣu tatra tattaddeśānumānāt utsṛṣṭanaṣṭacihnānāṃ prācīnapradeśānumānād grāmādārabhya sahasradaṇḍaparimitaṃ kṣetramasya grāmasya paścime bhāga ityevaṃ vidhānāt pramāṇādvā pratyarthisamakṣamavipratipannāyāḥ ### [634.36.p1.5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.kosa.sabdakalpadruma.634.36.p1.5) kṣāntakālopalaciterbhukteśca| nirglanuyuḥ | hastvastinā cātra viśeṣo darśitaḥ “bhāgamadya pramāṇaśca bhogaṃ kālañca nāma ca bhūbhāgalakṣaṇañcaiva ye vidusta'tra sākṣiṇaḥ ||” ete ca sākṣisāmantādayaḥ śapathaiḥ śāpitāḥ santaḥ kulādisamakṣaṃ rājñā praṣṭavyāḥ | yathāḍa manuḥ “grāmeyakakulānāntu samakṣaṃ sīmni sākṣiṇaḥ praṣṭavyāḥ somaliṅgāni tayoścaiva vivādinoḥ te pṛṣṭāḥ sākṣyādayaḥ samastā aikamatyena somni nirṇayaṃ kuryuḥ | tanniṇītāṃ somāṃ tattaddarśitasakalaliṅgayuktāṃ mādhyādināmāñcitāñcāvismaraṇārthaṃ patre samāropayet | uktañca manunā “te pṛṣṭāstu yathā brūyuḥ māmantāḥ sāṃmni nirṇayam nibadhnīyāttathā somāṃ sarvvāstāṃścaiva nāmataḥ eteṣāṃ mākṣisāmantaprabhṛtīnāṃ sāmāpañcamamardinādārabhya yāvat tripakṣaṃ rājadaivikaṃ vyasanaṃ cennāpapadyate tadā tattaddarśanāt somānirṇayaḥ anyañca rājadaivikavyasanāvāpriḥ kātyāyanāktaḥ “somācakramaṇe kope pādasparśe tathaiva ca tripakṣapañcasaptāhe daivarājikamiṣyate ||” iti yadā tvamīṣāṃ uktasākṣyavacasāṃ tripakṣābhyantareṃ rogādikṣīyate | athavā prativādinihṛṣṭābhyadhikasaṃkhyāguṇa-sākṣyantaraviruddhavacanatā tadā te mṛṣābhāṣiṇatayā daṇḍanoyāḥ | tadāha “anṛtaṃ tu pṛthagdaṇḍyā rājñā madhyamasāhasam anṛtaṃ mithyāvadane nimittabhūtaṃ sati sarvvasāmantāḥ pratyekaṃ madhyamasāhasena catvāriṃśadadhikena paṇapañcaśatena daṇḍanīyāḥ | sāmantāviṣayatā cāsya sākṣāmaulādīnāṃ smṛtyantare daṇḍāntaravidhānādavagamyate | tathā ca manuḥ “yathottena nayantaste pūyante satyasākṣiṇaḥ viparītaṃ nayantastu dāpyāḥ syurdviśataṃ damam ||” nārado'pi ### [634.36.p1.6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.kosa.sabdakalpadruma.634.36.p1.6) ‘atha cedanṛtaṃ brūyuḥ sāmantāḥ sīmni nirṇaye sarvva pṛthak pṛthak daṇḍyā rājñā madhyamasāhasam ||” sāmantānāṃ madhyamasāhasaṃ daṇḍamabhidhāya “meṣāñca dantaṃ bruyurniyuktā bhūmikarmmaṇi pratyekantu jaghanyo'rddha vinaiyāḥ pūrvvasāhasam ||” "maulabaddhādayastvanye daṇḍagahmā pṛthak pṛthak vineyāḥ prathamaneva sāhasenānute sthitāḥ ||” bādhān gāṅgopān gopām kaivarttānū mūlakhānakān vyālagrāhānuñchavṛttīnanyaśca vanacāriṇaḥ te pṛṣṭāstu yathā brūyuḥ sīmāsandhiṣu lakṣaṇam tattathā sthāpayedrājā dharmeṇa grāmayorddayoḥ cennayetprataḍāgānāmārāmasya gṛhasya ca sāmantapratyayo jñeyaḥ sīmāsetuvinirṇayaḥ sāmantāścenmṛṣā brūyuḥ setau vivadatāṃ nṛṇām sarvve pṛthak pṛthak daṇḍā rājñā madhyamasāhasam gṛhaṃ tar̤āgāmārāmaṃ kṣetraṃ vā bhoṇayā haran śatāni pañca daṇḍyaḥ syādajñānāddiśśato damaḥ sīmāyāmaviṣahyāyāṃ svayaṃ rājeva dharmavit pradiśeta bhūmiriteṣāmupakārāditi sthitiḥ ||” ### [634.36.p2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.kosa.sabdakalpadruma.634.36.p2) iti mānave 8 adhyāye ## Linked texts (17) - [Kātyāyanasmṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.katyayana.732) — Kātyāyana (smṛtikāra), Sanskrit - [Bṛhaspatismṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.brhaspati.1.19.3) — Bṛhaspati, Sanskrit - [Saurapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.upa.saiva.saura.18.57) — Sanskrit - [Yājñavalkyasmṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.yajnavalkya.2.151) — Yājñavalkya, Sanskrit - [Vyavahāraprakāśa (Mitramiśra)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.vyavahara.vyavaharaprakasa.8.p604) — Mitramiśra 1753, Sanskrit - [Dharmatattvakalanidhi](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.dharmatattvakalanidhi.11.p346) — Pṛthvīcandra, Sanskrit - [Madanaratna](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.madanaratna.3.p510) — Madanasiṃha, Sanskrit - [Pṛthvīcandra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.prthvicandra.13.p320) — Sanskrit - [Ślokakātyāyana](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.slokakatyayana.5.379) — Sanskrit - [Vivādaratnākara](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.vyavahara.vivada.vivadaratnakara.13.p22) — Caṇḍeśvara, Sanskrit - [Ratnākara](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mithila.ratnakara.13.p22) — Caṇḍeśvara, Sanskrit - [Smṛtiratnākara (Vivādaratnākara, Kṛtyaratnākara…)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.smrtiratnakara.13.p9) — Caṇḍeśvara Ṭhakkura, Sanskrit - [Bārhaspatyasaṃhitā (Aṅgiras)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.astro.samhita.rsi.barhaspatyasamhita.19.3) — Aṅgiras, Sanskrit - [Vivādārṇavasetu](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.vyavahara.vivada.vivadarnavasetu.3.p52) — Several paṇḍits 1748, Sanskrit - [Vivādārṇavasetu (Bāṇeśvara and others)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.vyavahara.vivada.vivadarnavasetu-banesvara-and-others.3.p52) — Bāṇeśvara and others, Sanskrit - [Vyavahāramādhava](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.vyavahara.vyavaharamadhava.29.p16) — Mādhavācārya, Sanskrit - [Sarasvatīvilāsa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.sarasvativilasa.12.p39) — Pratāparudradeva, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.kosa.sabdakalpadruma.634.36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.kosa.sabdakalpadruma.634.36) · Pramāṇa