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Vacaspatya 12.1-3

Vācaspatya 12.1-3

Language
Sanskrit

12.1-3.1

kavisambandhini | kaba-varṇa ne stutau ca
karmmaṇi ṇyat | 3varṇa nīye 4 stutye ca li0 striyāṃ
ṭāp “tūyau vanasya rūpeṇa śṛṇu kāvyāṃ giraṃ mama”bhā0sa0
60a0 | “bhāṣāni tarkayuktāni deśvavanti viśāṃpate !
nāṭakā vividhāḥ kāvyāḥ kathākhyāyikakārikāḥ”
bhā0sa011a0 | śāṅgaṃ ravāḍhau tu kāvyaśabdāsya yaña
ntasyaiva grahaṇāt tataḥ striyāṃ ṅīn | kaveḥ karmma ṣyañ
kavikṛtagadyapadyātmake 5 vākyaviśeṣe na | kāvyapraśaṃs
karaṇāprayojanasaktaṃ yathā -
“kāvyaṃ yaśase'rthakṛte vyavahāravide śivetarakṣataye
sadyaḥparanirvṛtaye kāntāsammitatayopadeśayuje” mū0
“kālidāsādīnāmiva yaśaḥ, śrīharṣāderdhāvakādīnāmiva
dhanaṃ, rājādigatocitācāraparijñānam, ādityādermmayūrādīnāmivānarthanivāraṇaṃ, sakalaprayojanamaulibhūtaṃ samanantarameva rasāsvādanasamudbhūtaṃ vigalitavedyāntaramānandaṃ, prabhusammitaśabdapradhānavedādiśāstrebhyaḥ suhṛtsaṃmmatārthatātparyya vatpurāṇādītihāsamyebhyaśca śabdārthayorguṇābhāvena rasāṅgabhūtavyāpārapravaṇatayā vilakṣaṇaṃ yatkāvyaṃ
lokottaravarṇanānipuṇakavikarmma, tat kānteva sarasatāpādanenābhimukhīkṛtya rāmādivat vartitavyaṃ na rāvaṇādivaditya padègañca, yathāyogaṃ kaveḥ sahṛdayasya ca karotīti
sarvvathā tatra yatanīyam | asya kāraṇamāha” itiḥ
śaktirnipuṇatā lokaśāstrakāvyādyavekṣaṇāt | kāvyajñaśikṣayā'bhyāsa iti hetustadudbhave” mū0
“śaktiḥ kavitvabījarūpaḥ saṃskāraviśeṣaḥ, yāṃ binā kāvyaṃ
na prasaret prasṛtaṃ vā upahasanīyaṃ syāt, lokasya

12.1-3.2

sthāvarajaṅgamātmakalokavṛttasya, śāstrāṇāṃ chandovyākaraṇābhidhānakoṣakalācaturvarga gajaturagakhaḍ gādilakṣaṇapravyānāṃ, kāvrānāñca mahākavisambandhinām, ādiyuktasyāditihāsādīnāñca vimarśanādyutpattiḥ, kāvyaṃ karttuṃ
vicārayituñca ye jānanti tadupadeśena karaṇe yojane ca
paunaḥpunyena pravṛtciriti layaḥ samuditāḥ na tu vyastāstasya kāvyasyodbhave nimmāṇe samullāse ca heturnata
hetavaḥ” itiḥ
sā0da0 anyaprakāra kāvyasya prayojanaṃ suktaṃ yathā
“caturvvargaphalaprāptiḥ sukhādalpadhiyāmapi | kāvyādeva
yatastena tatsvarūpaṃ nirūpyate” sū0
“caturvvargaphalaprāptirhi kāvṛto rāmādivat pravarttitavyaṃ
na rāvaṇādivadityādikṛtya makṛtyapravṛttinivṛttyu padeśadvāreṇa
supratītaiva | uktañca “dharmmārthakāmamokṣeṣu vaicakṣaṇyaṃ kalāsu ca | karoti kīrttiṃ prītiñca sādhukāvyaniṣevaṇāmiti”| kiñca kāvyānaṅga prāvirbhāvagaṅgādhārācaraṇaśauravindastavādinā “ekaḥ śabdaḥ suprayuktaḥ samyagjñātaḥ svarge
loke ca kāmadhug bhavati' ityādi vedavākya bhyaśca suprasiddheya
arthaprāptiśca pratyakṣasiddhā | kāmaprāptirārthadvāraiva | mokṣaprāptiśca tajjanyadharmma phalānanusandhānāt mokṣopayogivākye vyutpattyādhāyakatvācca | caturvvargāptirhi vedaśāstrebhyo nīrasa tayā duḥkhadeva pariṇatabuddhīnāmeva jāyate
paramānandasandohajanakatayā sukhādeva sukumārabuddhīnāmapi
punaḥ kāvyādeva | nanu tarhi pariṇatabuddhibhiḥ satsu
vedaśāstreṣu kāvyeṣu kimiti yatnaḥ karaṇīya ityapi na

12.1-3.3

vaktavyam kaṭukauṣadhopaśamanīyasya rogasya sitaśarkaropaśamanīyatve kasya vā rogiṇaḥ sitaśarkarāpravṛttiḥ sādhīyasī na syāt | kiñca | kāvyasyopādeyatvamagneyapuvaṇe'pyuktam | “naratvaṃ durlabhaṃ loke vidyā tatra sudurlabhā
kavitvaṃ durla bhaṃ tatra śaktistattra sudurlabheti” “trivargasādhanaṃ
nāṭyamiti” ca | viṣṇupurāṇe “kāvyālāpāśca ye
kecidgīta kānya khilāni ca| śabdamūrttidharasyaite
viṣṇorāṃśā mahātmanaḥ” iti vṛttiḥ | tasya lakṣaṇaṃ tatrai va
“vākyaṃ rasātmakaṃ kāvyaṃ doṣāstasyāpakarṣakāḥ| utkarṣahetavaḥ proktā gupālaṅkāra rītayaḥ” sū0
athai tu guṇālaṅkārarītiyuktaṃ doparahitaṃ vākyaṃ kālakṣaṇamiti vadanti | ānandaviśeṣajana kavvākyaṃ kāvyamiti
rasagaṅgādharaḥ
tadbhedāḥ prathamaṃ trividhāḥ uttamamadhyamādhamabhe dāt
yathāha kāvyapra0
"idamattamamatiśāyini vyaṅge vācyāddhvanirbudhaiḥ kathitaḥ
atādṛśi guṇībhūtavyaṅgatra kāvyaṃ tu madhyamam
vyaṅgyacitre vācyacitnamavyaṅgyantvavaraṃ smṛtam”
rasagaṅgādhare tu arthacitratvāpekṣayā vyaṅgyacitrasyālpacamatkārikāritvāsambhāvanāśraloktayā kāvyabhedaścaturvidhyamuktam | sā0 da0 mate avyaṅgyasya kāvyatvābhāvāt dhvaniguṇībhū tavyaṅgyabhedena dvaividhyamiti bhedaḥ
tadbhedāḥ sodāharaṇaṃ darśitā tatra yathā
"kāvyaṃ dhvaniguṇībhūtavyaṅgyaceti dvidhā matam” | sū0
tatva | "vācyātiśayini vyaṅgye dhvanirutkāvyamuttamam” mū0
"śabdādadhikacamatkāriṇi vyaṅgyārthe vyajyete'sminniti
vyutpattyā dhvatirnāmottamaṃ kāvyam” dṛttiḥ
“bhedau anerapi dvrāvudīritau lakṣaṇābhidhāyūle
"avitrakṣitavācyo'nyovivakṣitānyaparavācyaśca”| sū0

12.1-3.4

"tatrāvivakṣitavācyo nāma lakṣayāmalo dhvaniḥ| lakṣaṇāmūlatvādevāla vācyamavivakṣitaṃ bādhitasvarūpam | vivakṣitānyaparavācyasyabhidhāmūlaḥ | ata evāla vācyaṃ vivakṣitam anyaparaṃ vyaṅgyaniṣṭham ala hi vācyo'rthaḥ
svarūpaṃ prakāśayanneva vyaṅgyārthasya prakāśakaḥ | yathā
pradīpo ghaṭasya | abhidhāmūlasya bahuviṣayatayā yathācirddhyeyaḥ avivakṣitavācyasya bhedāvāha" vṛttiḥ
"arthāntaraṃ saṅkramite vācye'tyantaṃ tiraskṛte
avivakṣitavācyo'pi dhvanidvaividhyamṛcchati” sū0
„avivakṣitavācyo nāma dhvanirarthāntarasaṅkramitavācyo'tyantiraskṛtavācyaśceti dvividhaḥ| yatra svayamamupayujyamāno
mukhyo'rthaḥ saviśeṣaṇeḍarthāntare pariṇamati tatra mukhyārthasya
svaviśeṣaṇaparyāntara saṅkramitatvādarthāntarasaṅkramitavācyatvam
yathā | "kadalī kadalī karabhaḥ karabhaḥ karirājakaraḥ karirājakaraḥ | bhuvanatritaye'pi vibhartti tulāmidamūruyugaṃ na
camūrudṛśaḥ”| ala dvitīyakadalyādiśabdāḥ yaugikarūḍhamabhiyā
sāmānyakadalyādirūpe mukhyārthe bādhitā jāḍyādi
guṇaviśiṣṭasyārthaparā” jāḍyādyātiśayaśca vyaṅgyaḥ
yatta punaḥ svārthaṃ sarvvathā parityajannarthāntare pariṇamati
tana mukhyārthasyātyantaritatvāttyantiraskṛtavācyatvam
yathā "niḥśvāsāndha ivādarśaścandramā na prakāśate”
atrāndhaśabdo mukhyārthe bādhito'prakāśarūpamarthaṃ bodhayati
aprakāśatiśayaśca vyaṅgyaḥ | andhatvāprakāśatatvayoḥ sājātyāviśeṣābhāvābhāvāñjārthāntarasaṅkramitavācyatvam
yathā “bhama dhammia ! vīsattho so suṇaho ajja
mārio deṇa| godāvarikacchaḍakaḍuṅgavāsinā darīvasīhena”| ala bhrama dhārmiketyato bhramaṇasya vidhiḥ

12.1-3.5

prakṛte'nupayujyamānatayā bhramaṇaniṣedhe paryyavasyatīti
viparītalakṣaṇayāśaṅkā na kāryyā | yala khalu vidhiniṣedhāvupapadyamānāvaveva niṣedhavidhyoḥ paryyavasyatastatva tadayasaraḥ | yala punaḥ prakaraṇādipayyaulocanena vidhiniṣedhayorniṣedhavidhau avagamyete tala dhvanitvameva | taduktam
"kacidvādhyatayā atrātiḥ kacitsaṅgatasya bādhanam
pūrvvata lakṣayaiva syāduttaratrābhidhaiva tu"| atrādarśe
mukhyārthasyārthāntare saṅkramaṇaṃ (praveśaḥ) na tu tirobhāvaḥ
ata evātāsaṅgatasyārthalakṣaṇā| dvitīye tu svārthasyātyantaṃ tiraskṛtatvāttādṛksārtho” vṛttiḥ
"vivakṣitābhidheyo'pi dvibhedaḥ prathamaṃ tataḥ| asaṃlakṣyakramo
yatta vyaṅgo lakṣyakramastathā”sū0
"vivakṣitānyaparavācyo'pi dhvanira saṃlakṣyakramavyaṅgayaḥ saṃlakṣyakramavyaṅgyaśceti dvividhaḥ” vṛttiḥ
"tatrādyo rasabhāvādira ka evāla gaṇyate | eko'pi
bhedo'nantattvāt sahṛdayaisya naiva yat” sū0
"uktasvarūpo rasabhāvādirasaṃlakṣyakramavyaṅgyaḥ | ata vyaṅgyapratītervibhāvādipratītikāraṇakalāt kramo'vaśyamasti
kintu utpalapatraśatavyatibhedavallāghavātra saṃlakṣyate | eṣu
rasādiṣu ca ekasyāpi bhedasyānantatyāt sahṛdayātṛmaśakyatvādasaṃlakṣyakramavyaṅgyadhvanirnārma kāvyamekameva deyoktam | tathāhi ekasyaiva śṛṅgārasya eko'pi vamprogarūpo bhedaḥ parasparābhilāṣanakharapānīyasanādibhedāt pratyekasya vibhāvādivaicityāt sahṛdayātṛmaśakyaḥ
kā gaṇanāla sarvveṣām” vṛttiḥ
"śabdāthaubhayabhaktyā yadvyaṅgyaṃ vyutthānasañcime | dhvanirlakṣyakramavyaṅgyastrividhaḥ kathito budhaiḥ” mū0

12.1-3.6

“kramalakṣyatvādevānuraṇanarūpo yo vyaṅgyaṅgastasya śabdaśakyudbhayatvena arthaśaktyudbhavatvena śabdārthaśaktyudbhavatvena
ca taividhyāt saṃlakṣyakramavyaṅgyanāmno aneḥ kāvyasyāpi trevidhyam” vṛttiḥ | tala
“vastvalaṅkārarūpatvācchabdaśaktyudbhavo dvidhā” sū0
“vastu vā'laṅka‌tirvāpi dvidhārthaḥ sambhavī svataḥ | kaveḥ
prauḍhoktisiddho vā tannibaddhasya ceti ṣaṭ || ṣaḍbhistervyajyamānastu vastvalaṅkārarūpakaḥ | arthaśaktyudbhayo
vyaṅgo yāti dvādaśabhedatām” sū0
mugdhā sā amānyanī| agūḍhagandhayāṇāyā aṅga taṇūrṇa
pi taṇu eha''| (atāmānyanīti) kavinibadvavaktṛ prauḍhoktisiddhena kāvyaliṅgālaṅkāreṇa tanostanūkaraṇe'pi tava
hṛdaye na varttata iti viśeṣoktyalaṅkāro vyajyate| na khalu
kaveḥ kavinibaddhasyaiva rīgāvyāvṛdatā| ataḥ kavinibaddhavaktṛprauḍhoktiḥ kaviprauḍhokteradhikaṃ sahṛdayacamatkāriṇīti pṛthakpratipāditā| eṣu ca alaṅkṛtyavyañjanasthaleṣu
rūpagotprekṣāvyatirecanādimātrasya prādhānyaṃ sahṛdayasaṃvedyaṃ na tu ruyādīnāmityalaṅkāreṇaiva savyapadeśa" itiḥ
"ekaḥ śabdārthaśaktyutthe" sū0 ubhayaśaktyudbhave vyaṅgye eko'nerbhedaḥ| yathā "himamuktacandraruciraḥ sapadāmro
madayan dvijān janitamīnaketanaḥ| abhavat prasāditasuro mahotsavaḥ pramadājanasya sa cirāya mādhavaḥ"
atra mādhavaḥ kṛṣṇo mādhavo vasanta ivetyupamālaṅkāro
vyaṅgyaḥ| evañca vyaṅgyabhedādeva vyañjakānāṃ kāvyānāṃ
bhedaḥ”| vṛttiḥ “tadaṣṭādaśadhā dhvaniḥ” sū0

12.1-3.7

avivakṣitavācyo'rthāntarasaṅkramitavācyo'tyantatiraskṛtavāśceti trividhaḥ| vivakṣitānyaparavācyastvasaṃlakṣyakramavyaṅgyatvenaikaḥ| saṃlakṣyakramavyaṅgyavācyatvena ca śabdārthobhayaśaktimūlatayā pañcadaśeti ṣṭaṣṭādaśabhedo dhvaniḥ” vṛttiḥ
eṣu ca
"vākye śabdārthaśaktyutthastadanye padavākyayoḥ" sū0
"tatra arthāntarasaṅkramitavācyo dhvaniḥ padagato yathā
'dhanyaḥ sa eva taruṇo nayane tasyaiva nayane ca | yadrajanamokṣanavidyā bhavitavyaṃ yasya sammukhe sumukhī' ; atra dvitīyanayanaśabdo bhāgyavatsādiguṇaviśiṣṭanayanaparaḥ | vākyagato yathā | "tvāmasmi vacmi viduṣāṃ samudāyogla
tiṣṭhati | ātmīyāṃ matimādāya sthitirala vidhīya tan"
atra pratipādyasya sammukhībhavādiva labdhe pratipādyatve 'svāmiti' punarvacanamanyavyāvarttakaviśiṣṭaṃ tvadarthaṃ lakṣayati
evaṃ vacmītyanenaiva karttari labdhe 'karoti' punarvacanamanyavyāvarttakaviśiṣṭa madarthaṃ lakṣayati | tathā 'viduṣāṃ
samudāya' ityādibacanenaiva vaktuḥ pratipādane siddhe punaḥ
'bacmīti' bacanaṃ 'upadiṣṭāmi' iti bacanaviśeṣarūpamarthaṃ lakṣayati | etāni ca lakṣitāni svātiśayaṃ
vyañjayanti | etena mama yacanaṃ tavātmanaṃ hitaṃ tadavaśyametat karttavyamityabhiprāyaḥ | tadevamayaṃ vākyagato'rthāntarasaṅkramitagācyo dhvaniḥ| anyantatiraskṛtavācyaḥ padagato yathā
padmagātrān gopayathu payūrddhani”| atra ‘paśyantīti’
kaviprauḍhoktisiddhena kāryyaliṅgālaṅkāreṇa na ko'pyanyo
dātārastvat sadṛśā dūti vyatirekālaṅkāro'saṃlakṣyapadyotyaḥ
evamanye vyaṅgyavyaktimūlasaṃlakṣyakramabhedeṣūdāhāryyam | tadevaṃ

12.1-3.8

dhvaneḥ pūrvvokteṣvaṣṭādaśasu bhedeṣu madhye śabdārthaśaktyuttho
vyaṅgo vākyamātre vyañjakaḥ | anye punaḥ saptadaśa vākye
pade ceti caturiṃśaditi pañcaviṃśadbhedāḥ” vṛttiḥ
“prabandhe'pi mato dhīrairarthaśaktyudbhavo dhvaniḥ” sū0
“padāṃśavarṇa racanāprabandheṣvasphuṭakramaḥ| asaṃlakṣyakramavyaṅgo
dhvanistatra padāṃśagaḥ” mū0
likhadaṃtādharauṣṭha pratipedhākṣaraviklavābhirāmam | mukhamaṃsavivartti padmalākṣyāḥ kathamapyu namitaṃ na cumbitantu”
“tadevameka pañcāśadbhedāstasya dhvanermatāḥ| saṅkareṇa trirūpeṇa
saṃsṛṣṭyā caikarūpayā | vedakhāminagarāḥ 5304 śudai ripuvākhāgnisāyakāḥ ” 5355 mū0
“aparantu guṇībhūtavyaṅgyaṃ vācyādanuttame vyaṅgye” mū0
“aparaṃ kāvyam | anuttamatvaṃ nyūnatayā sāmyena ca
sambhavati” vṛttiḥ
“tala syāditarāṅgaṃ kākkākṣiptañca vācyasiddhayaṅgam
sandigdhaprādhānyaṃ tulyaprādhānyamasphuṭamagūḍham | vyaṅgyamasundaramevaṃ bhedāstasyoditā aṣṭau” sū0
“itarasya rasāderaṅgaṃ rasādi vyaṅgyaṃ yathā “ayaṃ sa
raśanotkarṣī pīnastanavimarddanaḥ | nābhyūrujaghanasparśī
nīvīvisraṃsanaḥ karaḥ” | atra śṛṅgāraḥ karuṇasyāṅgam
“nāneoddhatāṃ praṇayinīmanunetukāmastvatsainyasāgararaveṇatatastatāpaḥ | hā ! hā ! kathaṃ nu bhavato ripurājadhānī-prāsādasantatiṣu tiṣṭhati kāmilokaḥ” | atrotsukyatrāsasandhisaṃsṛṣṭasya karuṇasya rājaviṣayaratāvaṅgabhāvaḥ | “janasthāne bhrāntaṃ kanakampṛgatṛṣṇānvitadhiyā
vaco vaidehīti pratipadamudaśru pralapitam | kṛtā laṅkābharturvadanaparipāṭīṣu ghaṭanā mayāptaṃ rāmatvaṃ kuśalavasutā na

12.1-3.9

tvadhigatā” | atra rāmatvaṃ prāptamityavacane'pi vyaṅgyantareṇa rāmatvamavagamyate | vacanena tu sādṛśyahetukatādātmyāropamaviṣkurvvatā tadropanamapālatam tena vācyaṃ
sādṛśyaṃ vākyārthānvayopapādakatayā'ṅgatvaṃ nītam | kākkā
kṣiptaṃ yathā “mathnāmi kauravaśataṃ samare na kopād
duḥśāsanasya rudhiraṃ na pibāmyurastaḥ | saṃcūrṇayāmi
gadayā na suyodhanorū sandhiṃ karotu bhavatāṃ nṛpatiḥ paṇena”
atra ‘mathnāmyevetyādi’ vyaṅgyaṃ vācyasya niṣedhasya saha
bhāvenaiva sthitam | “dīyante rodasīrandhrameṣa jvalati
sarvvataḥ | pratāpastasya rājendra ! vairipadmāvanānaḥ”
atrānyasya vaiśvānarāropasvarūpo vyaṅgaḥ pratāpasya
davānalatvāropasiddhayaṅgam | “harastu kiñcit pariuttadhairyyaścandrodayārambhavavāmburāśiḥ| umāmukhe bimbaphalādharoṣṭhe
vyāpārayāmāsa vilocanāni”
atra vilocanavyāpāracumbanābhilāṣayoḥ prādhānye
sandehaḥ | “brāhmaṇātikramatyāgo bhavatāmeva bhūtaye
jāmadagnyaśca vo mitramanyathā durmmanāyate”| atra paraśurāmo rakṣaḥkulakṣayaṃ kariṣyatīti vyaṅgyasya vācyasya
ca samaṃ prādhānyam | “sañco sarvvastarahaṇaṃ viyahve
prāṇabhiyahaḥ | anyopadonanṛpatau na sandhirna ca vigrahaḥ”| atra anyāpadonākṣatre nṛpatau dānasāmādi
mantareṇa nānyaḥ praśamopāyaḥ vyaṅgā vṛttajñānāmapi
jhaṭityasphuṭam | “anena lokaguruṇā satāṃ dharmmopadarśinā | ahnaṃ vratavatī khairamuktena kimataḥ param”
atna pratoyamāno'pi śākyāsunerasthairyyaṇyomiti bakhātkāropabhogaḥ sphuṭatayā vācyamāna atyagūḍham
“vāṇorakuḍuṅgoḍḍīṇasaḍaṃṇiddolāhala' suṇantoe
gharakammavāvaḍāe bahue sodanti aṅgāim” | atra

12.1-3.10

dattasaṅketaḥ kaścillatāgṛhaṃ praviṣṭa iti vyaṅgyāt “sodantyaṅgāni” iti vācyasya camatkāraḥ sahṛdayasaṃvedya
ityasundaram | kiñca yo dīpakatulyayogitādiṣu upamādyalaṅkāro vyaṅgyaḥ sa guṇībhūtavyaṅgya eva kāvyasya
dīpakādimukheneva camatkāravidhāyitvāt taduktaṃ dhva.nikṛtā “alaṅkārāntarasyāpi pratīto yatna bhāsate
tatparatvaṃ na kāvyasya nāsau mārgo dhvanermataḥ”| yatna
ca śabdāntarādinā gopanakṛtacārutvasya viparyyāsaḥ yathā
“dṛṣṭyā keśava ! goparāgahṛtayā kiñcinna dṛṣṭaṃ mayā tenātna
skhalitāsmi nātha ! patittā kiṃ nāma nālambase | ekastvaṃ
viṣameṣu khinnamanasāṃ sarvvābalānāṃ gatirgopyaivaṃ gaditaḥ
saleyamavatādgoṣṭhe harirvviśvaram”| atna goparāgādiyabdānāṃ gope rāga ityādivyaṅkārthānāṃ ‘saleyamiti’
padena sphuṭatayābhāsaḥ | saleyamitipadasya parityāge dhvanireva | kiñca yatna vastvalaṅkārarasādirūpavyaṅgyānāṃ
rasāntare guṇībhāvaḥ tatra pradhānakṛta eva kāvyapravahāraḥ taduktaṃ tenaiva “prakāro'yaṃ guṇībhūtavyaṅgyo'pi dhvanikṛtatām | dhatte rasāditātparyya paryyālocanayā
punariti”| yatna ca “yalotkhātānaṃ pramadājanānāmatnabhraṃ lihūḥ śoṣamaśītamayūkhaḥ | sandhyābhramaṃ prāpra vatāmakāṇḍe'pyanaṅganepathyavidhiṃ vyadhatta” ityādau rasādīnāṃ nagarīvṛttāntadirūpamātre 'ṅgatvaṃ tatra teṣāmatātparyyaviṣayatve'pi taireva guṇībhūtaiḥ kāvyapravyavahāraḥ | tadukramamṛtusagotmakaviviṣaḍamakhatvīśābdadāttapādaiḥ “kāvyārthasyātmabhūtavu vivekadṛśya tanmayībhāvenāskhādadaśāyāṃ

12.1-3.11

guṇapradhānabhāvāvabhāsasyātathyādanubhūyate kālāntare tu prakaraṇādiparyyālocanayā bhavannapyasau na kāvyavyavadeśaṃ vatrāhantumośastasyāskhādamātnāyattatvāditi”| kecit citlākhyaṃ tṛtīyaṃ kāvyabhedamicchanti tadāhuḥ “śabdacitraṃ
vācyacittamavyaṅgyaṃ tvavaraṃ smṛtam” dūti tanna
yadi hi avyaṅgyatvena vyaṅgyābhāvastadā tasya kāvyatvamapi nāstīti prāgevoktam | īṣaddaṅgatvamiti cet
kiṃ nāma īṣadvyaṅgaṅgatvam āskhādavyaṅgaṅgatvam anāsvādaprakṛṣṭatvaṃ vā| ādyetu prācīnabhedayorantaḥpātaḥ
dvitīye tvakāvyatvam| yadi cānāsvādyatvaṃ tadā kṣudratvameva
kṣudratvāvāmanāsvādakatvāt | taduktaṃ dhvanikṛtā “pradhānaguṇabhāvābhyāṃ vyaṅgyasyaivaṃ vyavasthiteḥ| ubhe kāvye
tato'nyadyattaccitramabhidhīyate iti” dṛṣṭiḥ
tacca kāvyaṃ prakārāntareṇa dvividhaṃ mahākāvyakhaṇḍakāvya
bhedāt | tallakṣaṇādikaṃ sā0 da0 6pari0 uktaṃ yathā
“sargabandho mahākāvyaṃ tatraiko nāyakaḥ suraḥ | saddaṃśaḥ
kṣatriyo vāpi dhīrodāttaguṇānvitaḥ| ekavaṃśabhavā
bhūpāḥ kulajā bahavo'pi vā| śṛṅgāravīraśāntānāmeko'ṅgī rasa iṣyate| aṅgāni sarve'pi rasāḥ sarve nāṭakasandhayaḥ | itihāsodbhavaṃ vṛttamanyadvā sajjanāśrayam
catvārastasya vargāḥ syusteṣvekañca phalaṃ bhavet | ādau
namaskriyāśīrvā vastunirdeśa eva vā | kvacinnindā
khalādīnāṃ satāñca guṇakīrttanam | ekavṛttamayaiḥ padyairavasāne'nyavṛttakaiḥ | nātisvalpā nātidīrghāḥ sargā aṣṭādhikā iha | nānāvṛttamayaḥ kvāpi sargaḥ kaścana dṛśyate

12.1-3.12

sargānte bhāvisargasya kathāyāḥ sūcanaṃ bhavet | sandhyāsūryendurajanīpradoṣadhvāntavāsarāḥ | prātarmadhyāhnamgayāśailarttavanasāgarāḥ | sambhogavipralambhau ca munisvargapurādhvarāḥ | raṇaprayāṇopayamamantraputrodayādayaḥ | varttanīyā yathāyogaṃ sāṅgopāṅgā amī iha | kavervṛttasya vā
nāmnā nāyakasyetarasya vā | nāmāsya sargopādeyakathayā
sarganāma tu | kaścidārthe punaḥ sargā bhavyāvyāvyānasañjñakāḥ | prākṛtairnirmite tasmin sargā āśvāsasañjñakāḥ | chandasā skandakenaitat kvacinnalitakairapi
apabhraṃśamiyambhe'smin sargāḥ kar̤abakābhidhāḥ | tathāpabhraṃśayogyāni cchandāṃsi vividhānyapi
bhāṣāvibhāṣāniyamāt kāvyaṃ sargasamutthitam | ekārthapravaṇaiḥ padyaiḥ sandhimāmadyavarjitam | khaṇḍakāvyaṃ
bhavet kāvyasyaikadeśānusāri ca”
tacca kāvyaṃ prakārāntareṇa dvividhaṃ “dṛśyaśravyatvabhedena punaḥ
kāvyaṃ dvidhā matam| dṛśyaṃ tatrābhineyaṃ tat rūpāropātturūpakam” iti sā0da0 uktaḥ
kāvyaprakāśa pu0 kāvyasya svarūpādiprakāśo yatra | kāvyasya
rūpādijñāpake mammaṭabhaṭṭapraṇīte alaṅkāragranthabhede
kāvyapradīpa pu0 kāvyasvarūpādiprakāśane pradīpa iva | govindaṭhakkuranirmite bhaṅgyā kāvyaprakāśārthaprakāśake alaṅkāragranthabhede [ prakṣāyake candreṇau caurabhede trikā0
kāvyacaura pu0 kāvyasya cauraiva | parakīyakāvyasya svakīyatvena
kāvyarasika tri0 kāvyasya rasaṃ vetti ṭhak | kāvyapratipādyārasābhijñe
kāvyaliṅga na0 arthālaṅkārabhede alaṅkāraśabde 388pṛ0vihatiḥ

12.1-3.13

kāvyaśāstra na0 kāvyaṃ śāstramiva upadeśakatvāt | kāvyarūpe śāstre “kāntāsammitatayopadeśayuje” iti kāvyaprakāme tasya upadeśayogitvokteḥ hitaśāsakaśāstratulyatvam | “kāvyaśāstravinodena kālo gacchati dhīmatām”
kāvyā strī kava-varṇane karaṇe vā0 ṇyat | buddhau tayā hi
nānāvidhavarṇanāt tathātvam | 2pūtanāyāṃ ca medi0
kāvyārthāpatti strī arthālaṅkārabhede alaṅkāraśabde 388pṛ0
vivṛtiḥ
kāśa dīptau bhvā0ātmā0aka0seṭ| kāśate akāśiṣṭa, kāśāñcakra
kāśāmāsa kāśāñcabhūve cakāśe | ṇic akāśata-ta
ṛdittvāt caṅi nopadhāḍūsvaḥ | “kālī kapālābharaṇā
cakāśe” “tayā duhitā sutarāṃ savitrī sphuratprabhāmaṇḍalayā cakāśe” kumā0 “naṃnayamānāḥ phaladikṣusaryeva
cakāśire tatra latā vilolāḥ” bhaṭṭiḥ | kāśo kāśakaḥ
kāśitaḥ kāśamānaḥ kāśaḥ kāśanaṃ kāśitum kāśitvā
prakāśya | yaṅluk cākāśīti | vede hrasvaḥ cākaśīti
anu+anukramadīptau anukāśate
abhi+ sarvvataḥ prakāśe abhikāmate “antyo'nannannabhicākaśīti” śata0vrā0 14,7,1,12, ābhimukhyena darśane
saka0 | “ghatasya dhārā abhicākaśīmi” ṛ04,58,5,6,
“vyaṅgaṭmānābhicākaśīmi”6, “abhicākaśīmi abhi
paśyāmi” bhā0
ava+avakāśe svavāsayogyatāprāptau “ubhayato māṃse saṃlakṣma
nāvakāśate” śata08,7,4,20, yadasalāye 'bhiśrayati patnīṃ
hyavakāśayiṣyan bhavati” “atha yatputtrīṃ nāvakāśayet”
śata01,301,20, avakāśaḥ “kṛtāvakāśe rucisaṃ prahartum”
bhaṭṭiḥ avekṣaṇe saka0 ; “jñātapriyānūkṣāmānavakāśayet”
kā0 śrau0 6,7,16, “avakāśayet avekṣayet” karkaḥ
ā+samantātsthitau kākāśaḥ | abhiśyāpane makra0 | “saṃgatyuraḥ puruṣamākāśaya” śata0brā0 7,4,1,43, ‘“ākāśaya
abhiśyāya” bhā0

12.1-3.14

ud+ūrddha gato ūrddha prakāśe ca | utkāśate udaikāśaḥ
ni+suptasya bhīṣaṇaśabde'pi pūrvasvaradīrghaḥ | [4hrasva0
sam+ni+niṣkāśane | “na sannikāśayedgarbham” bhā0āśva0
nir+niḥsāraṇe | “mātrā niṣkāśayedenā punaḥ sambhānakāṅkṣayā” sā0da0 | atra niḥkasoddhapanatvena niṣkāsayedityeva pāṭhoyuktaḥ
pra0+ mahāpradīpe | “eṣu sarvveṣu bhūteṣu gūḍhotmā na prakāśate” kaṭho0 | “ubhāvapi prakāśete prahṛṣṭau hṛṣṭamāviva”
bhā0vi0 755 ślo0
prati+pratirūpaprakāśe sārūpye ca pratīkāśaḥ | “yamasya tvā
gṛhaharabhaṃ pratīkāśamāt” atha0 6,26,2,
vi+suptalībhāśayanodanena prakāśe | pṛṣṭhaṃ vikāśate | prakāśe
ca | “āditya iva taṃ deśaṃ rūpavān sarvvaṃ vyakāśayat”
bhā0 ā0 7456ślo0 vīkāśaḥ
sam+samyakprakāśe sādṛśyena prakāśe ca saṅkāśaḥ “pratidyotanmācāṇāṇāṃ sahasraṃ saṅbakāśire” rāmā0
kāśa—dīptau divā0 ātma0aka0seṭ | kāśyate akāśiṣṭa kāśāmbabhūva āsa cakre cakāge kāditvāṇṇicyacakāgata na
kāśa pu0 kena jalena kaphātmakena aśyate vyapsyate'tra aṇa—vyāptau
ādhāre ghañ | 1kāgaroge, bharataḥ | kāśaśabde vivṛtiḥ
“kāśāśrujālāvilaḥ” śāntiśa02 śrute (hām̐ca) śabdara0
tayoḥ alenākīrṇa lāttathātvam | kāśa dīptau ac
(keśiya|) 2tṛṇabhede “keśaḥ kāgastabakavikāsaḥ” sā0da0
“ākampa saṃllābhitamambu vikāśikāśamīkāśamāpa samatāṃ
sitacāmarasya” māghaḥ “kaināta kāśanaukāśamūrcchā”
daśaku0 “kāśaḥ syānmadhurastiktaḥ svādupākohimaḥ saraḥ
mūtrakṛcchrāśmadāhāstakṣatapittajvarogahṛt” bhāvapra0 tadguṇādyuktam tatpuṣpe na0 | īṣatprabhāti aṇa—ac koḥ

12.1-3.15

kā | 4mūpikabhede puṃstrī striyāṃ ṅīṣ | “bhūyyā yāśūnālabheta” ityupakrame “kāśāt digbhyaḥ” yaju024,25,
“kāśān mūṣikabhedān” vedadī0| 5ṛṣibhede pu0 kāśasya
gotrāpatyam aśvā0 phañ | kāśāyana tadgotrāpatye puṃstrī
kāśaka pu0 kāśa--ṇvul | 1kāśatṛṇe śabdaratnā02suhotrasya
puttrabhede “suhotrasya sutahayam | kāśakaśca mahāsatvastasyāśubhamattirnṛpaḥ” hariva012kha0 asyaiva kāśirityapi nāma
tatraiva “kāśestu kāśyorājana !” iti tadanantaroktaḥ
kāśena nirvṛttādi kāśā0 caturthyām dūñ | kāśila
kāśanirvvṛttādau li0 kāśe bhavaḥ utkarā0 cha
kāśīya kāśabhavādau tri0 | 2prajñāyānvite tri0
kāśanakṛtsna pu0 ādivyāḍike ṛṣibhede “indraścandraḥ kāśa
kṛtsnāpiśaliśākaṭāyanāḥ pāṇinyamarajainendrā jayantyaṣṭādiśabdikāḥ” vopadevaḥ | “avasthiteriti kāśakṛtsnaḥ”śā0sū0 | kāśamakṛtsnena nirvṛttādi karoṣṭraṇā0
caturthyāṃbuñ | kāśakṛtsnaka tannirvvṛttādau tri0
kāśaja tri0 kāśe jāyate jana0ḍa 7ta0 | kāśajāte “dīrghaṃ
kāśatṛṇañcāhvaṭaṃ je’ pā0tasya ādyudāttatā
kāśaparo strī kāśaḥ paroyasyāḥ gaurā0 ṅīṣ | kāśahastanadyām tatra bhavaḥ nayā0 ḍhak | kāśapareya tannadībhave
tri0 pṛṣo0 pasya phaḥ | kāśapharītyapi tatraiva nadyādi
gaṇe tasya pāṭhāt bhavārthe ḍhak | kāśaphareya tadbhave tri0
kāśapauṇḍra pu0 kāśapradhānaḥ pauṇḍraḥ | deśabhede ‘kauśalāḥ
kāśapauṇḍrāśca kaliṅgā māgadhāstathā” bhā0 ka0 45 a0
kāśamaya tri0 kāśena pracuraḥ tadvikārovā prācuyyai tadvikāre
vā mayaṭ

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