[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Buddhist Sanskrit literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit) › [Protective spells and dhāraṇī-sūtras](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.dharani) › [Ṣaṇmukhī dhāraṇī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.dharani.sanmukhidharani) › [འཕགས་པ་སྒོ་དྲུག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བའི་གཟུངས](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.dharani.sanmukhidharani*bo-d916) › [The Dharani of the Six Gates](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.dharani.sanmukhidharani*bo-d916~en-84000) › intro.3 # འཕགས་པ་སྒ་དྲག་པ་ཞས་བྱ་བའ་གཟངས intro.3 The Dhāraṇī of the Six Gates intro.3 - **Language:** English ### [intro.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.dharani.sanmukhidharani*bo-d916~en-84000.intro.3) One of its commentaries, the Ṣaṇmukhī­dhāraṇī­vyākhyāna (Toh 3989), appears in the Tengyur and is attributed to Vasubandhu (fourth to fifth century); its Chinese translation is in the Taishō. Its subcommentary (IOL Tib J 430) written by Jñānadatta has been preserved only in Tibetan and Chinese among the Dunhuang manuscripts. According to the colophon of the Dunhuang texts, these Indian commentaries were translated into Tibetan by the Indian paṇḍitas Dharmapāla and Prajñāvarman and the Tibetan translator-monk Yeshé Dé. - [Previous: intro.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.dharani.sanmukhidharani*bo-d916~en-84000.intro.2) - [Next: intro.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.dharani.sanmukhidharani*bo-d916~en-84000.intro.4) - [Up: intro](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.dharani.sanmukhidharani*bo-d916~en-84000.intro) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.dharani.sanmukhidharani*bo-d916~en-84000.intro.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.dharani.sanmukhidharani*bo-d916~en-84000.intro.3) · Pramāṇa