[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [分別功德論](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1507) › 4.42 # 分別功德論 4.42 分別功德論 4.42 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [4.42](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1507.4.42) 所以稱婆拘羅壽命極長者，以曩昔曾供養六萬佛，於諸佛所常行慈心，蜎飛蠕動有形命類恒加慈愍，無有毫釐殺害之想。由是慈福，今獲其報。佛告阿難：「如我今日皮身清淨無過於我，猶如蓮華不著泥水，正壽八十。不如婆拘羅壽百六十者，如來隨世欲適眾生，不現其異，故壽八十。婆拘羅者受前宿世慈心之福，故得年壽加倍之報。」或問：但以慈心便獲如此之壽耶？復更有餘乎？曰：有。昔毘婆尸如來出世，時有十六萬八千比丘遊行教化。時有長者居明貞修，稟性良謙不好飲酒。時歲節會，少相勸勉薄飲少多，輒以酒勢行詣世尊，禮拜問訊訖，便請佛及諸弟子：「願受我九十日請。比丘疾病者皆詣我家而取醫藥，所須之物皆來取之。」語訖還家約勅家內曰：「我已請佛及諸弟子四事供養，皆當辦具。」約勅竟，便睡眠。眠久還覺，其婦白曰：「君先約勅嚴辦供具，而今默然所以得爾。」長者驚曰：「我向何所言說耶？」婦曰：「君未眠時無所說耶？」曰：「我不省有所說。」婦曰：「君先言：『我已請佛及諸弟子供九十日所須短乏。』不作是語耶？」長者思惟曰：「酒之誤人乃至於斯。」已爾慚愧便當即請。明日清旦於舍燒香遙請世尊。有一比丘來索藥，長者問曰：「何所患苦？」答曰：「患頭痛。」長者曰：「此必膈上有水仰攻其頭，是以頭痛耳。」即施一呵梨勒果。「但服此藥足消此患。」比丘服藥病即除愈。緣是福報，九十一劫未曾病患。生長者家至年八十，出家學道經八十年，道俗之紀合百六十。在家時曾捔牛，斯須頭痛，尋即除愈。自爾常無疾患。以是之故，婆拘羅長壽第一。於百年壽中而加六十者，此人五濁壽命最為奇特，其喻於臭穢之中而生蓮花也。阿難問婆拘羅：「何以不為人說法耶？為無四辯、為乏智慧而不說法乎？」答曰：「我於四辯捷疾之智非為不足，直自樂靜不喜憒閙，故不說法耳。」難曰：婆拘羅長壽者，何以不生三方耶？答曰：諸佛所以不生者，以其土人難化故。此土眾生利根捷疾，極惡勇猛取道不難，是故往古諸佛皆生此中。婆拘羅應在此成道，故不生三方耳。 > The reason why Bakkula is proclaimed foremost in having an extremely long lifespan is that in the distant past he made offerings to sixty thousand buddhas and constantly practiced loving-kindness toward all buddhas; toward all kinds of embodied life, whether flying insects or wriggling worms, he constantly extended benevolence and pity, without the slightest thought of harming or killing. Due to this merit of loving-kindness, he now received this retribution. The Buddha said to Ānanda: 'As my bodily complexion today is pure, none surpasses me—like a lotus untouched by mud and water—yet my lifespan is exactly eighty years. It does not match Bakkula’s lifespan of one hundred and sixty. This is because the Tathāgata conforms to the worldly desires of sentient beings and does not display anything anomalous; hence his lifespan is eighty. Bakkula received the merit of his past loving-kindness, and therefore obtained the retribution of a doubled lifespan.' One may ask: Did he obtain such a lifespan solely by means of loving-kindness, or was there anything else? The answer is: There was. Long ago, when Vipaśyin Tathāgata appeared in the world, there were 168,000 monks wandering to teach and transform. At that time, there was an eminent gṛhapati of pure and chaste conduct, endowed with a modest nature, who disliked drinking alcohol. At an annual festival, through mutual encouragement, he drank a little. Relying on the boldness from the alcohol, he went to the World-Honoured One, bowed, inquired after him, and invited the Buddha and the disciples: 'I wish that you accept my invitation for ninety days. Any monk who is ill may come to my house to obtain medicine, and whenever anything is needed, come and take it.' Having said this, he returned home and instructed his household: 'I have invited the Buddha and the disciples for the four requirements; everything must be prepared.' Having given his instructions, he went to sleep. After sleeping a long time, he awoke. His wife said: 'You previously gave orders to make preparations, but now you are silent. Why is this so?' The gṛhapati was alarmed and asked: 'What did I say earlier?' The wife said: 'Before you slept, did you not say anything?' He said: 'I do not recall saying anything.' The wife said: 'You said before: “I have invited the Buddha and the disciples to supply their needs for ninety days.” Did you not speak these words?' The gṛhapati reflected: 'Alcohol leads men astray even to this extent!' Having come to this, he was full of shame and thought he must immediately proceed with the invitation. Early the next morning, he burned incense in his house and invited the World-Honoured One from afar. A monk came seeking medicine. The gṛhapati asked: 'What is your affliction?' He answered: 'I suffer from a headache.' The gṛhapati said: 'There must be fluid above your diaphragm rising up to attack your head, which causes this headache.' He then gave him a harītakī fruit, \[saying\]: 'Just taking this medicine will suffice to eliminate this ailment.' The monk took the medicine and his illness was cured at once. As a karmic reward for this, for ninety-one kalpas he never suffered illness. He was born into the family of a gṛhapati, lived to the age of eighty, went forth to practice the Path for eighty years, the total of his lay and monastic years being one hundred and sixty. While still a householder, he once wrestled an ox and suffered a headache for a brief moment, which immediately healed. From then on, he was always free of illness. For this reason, Bakkula is foremost in long life. That he added sixty years to a hundred-year lifespan is most extraordinary among the lifespans of the five corruptions—comparable to a lotus flower growing amid foul filth. Ānanda asked Bakkula: 'Why do you not preach the Dharma to others? Is it because you lack the four analytical knowledges, or lack wisdom, that you do not preach the Dharma?' He replied: 'I am by no means deficient in the four analytical knowledges and swift wisdom; I simply delight in quietude and dislike clamour, which is why I do not preach the Dharma.' Objection: If Bakkula had a long life, why was he not born in the other three continents? Answer: The reason why buddhas are not born there is that the people of those lands are difficult to transform. The sentient beings of this land have sharp faculties and swift minds; though extremely fierce in their wickedness, they attain the Path without difficulty. Therefore the past buddhas were all born here. Bakkula was destined to attain the Path here, and therefore was not born in the other three continents. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 4.41](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1507.4.41) - [Next: 4.43](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1507.4.43) - [Up: 4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1507.4) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1507~en-mt.4.42) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (1) - [法苑珠林](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.25.14) — 道世, Classical Chinese --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1507.4.42](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1507.4.42) · Pramāṇa