[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [仁王護國般若經疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1705) › 2.3 # 仁王護國般若經疏 2.3 仁王護國般若經疏 2.3 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1705.2.3) 「三空」等者，次歎三昧德，以三假因緣故得三空名，此因果次第說也。以法假故空，受假故無相，名假故無作。故《大論》云「因三十七品趣涅槃門。」涅槃門有三，謂空、無相、無作等。言空門者，觀諸法無我我所，諸法從因緣和合而有，無有作者無有受者，是名空門。無相門者，觀身雖空而有相在，人著此相故修無相，如說俯仰屈伸住立去來觀瞻言語，於中無實。風依識故有所作者，是識滅相，念念無故。此男女有我，心無智慧故妄見有，骨鎖相連皮肉覆機關動作如木人，此無相門也。無作門者，無相亦無，是名無作。此三定諸禪中若無不名三昧，以退失故墮生死中。如說能持淨戒名比丘，能觀空名行空人，一心常勤精進者是名真實行道人，此三能到涅槃，得三解脫門云云。 > From 'three emptinesses' etc., next praises the virtue of samādhi. Because of the conditions of the three designations, the names of the three emptinesses are attained; this is stated in the sequence of cause and effect. Because of dharmic designation, there is emptiness; because of the designation of receiving, there is signlessness; because of nominal designation, there is wishlessness. Therefore the \*Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa\* states: 'Due to the thirty-seven factors \[of awakening\], one tends toward the gates of nirvāṇa.' The gates of nirvāṇa are three, namely emptiness, signlessness, and wishlessness. The gate of emptiness means contemplating all phenomena as devoid of self and what belongs to self; all phenomena exist from the combination of causes and conditions, without an agent and without an experiencer—this is called the gate of emptiness. The gate of signlessness means contemplating that although the body is empty, signs remain; because people cling to these signs, they cultivate signlessness. As it is said, looking up, bending down, bending, stretching, standing, staying, going, coming, gazing, and speaking—therein is nothing real. Because the wind element relies on consciousness, whatever is done is a mark of the cessation of consciousness, being absent moment to moment. In this there is male and female and self; because the mind lacks wisdom, it falsely sees existence, a chain of bones joined together, covered with skin and flesh, moving mechanically like a wooden puppet—this is the gate of signlessness. The gate of wishlessness means that even signs do not exist; this is called wishlessness. If these three absorptions are absent among the dhyānas, they are not called samādhis; because of falling back, one falls into saṃsāra. As it is said, one who can maintain pure precepts is called a bhikṣu; one who can contemplate emptiness is called a person who practices emptiness; one who single-mindedly and constantly exerts vigorous effort is called a true practitioner of the path; these three can reach nirvāṇa and attain the three gates of liberation, and so forth. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1705.2.2) - [Next: 2.4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1705.2.4) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1705.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1705~en-mt.2.3) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1705.2.3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1705.2.3) · Pramāṇa