[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [仁王般若經疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1707) › 2.80 # 仁王般若經疏 2.80 仁王般若經疏 2.80 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.80](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1707.2.80) 一切眾生下，第三舉空釋成。就中有五子段：一明眾生空；從一切苦受下，二明法空；從法境界空下，三明境空；從無三寶下，四明凡聖空；波若無知下，五明知空。初明生空，文云眾生無生滅，眾生本無所得離苦，故云無生無滅。離集故無縛無解，無集故非因，無苦故非果。以因緣隨俗，非不因果。眾生假名，非無佛性因、非無涅槃果。眾生生死名煩惱，五陰中生名我，假名行者名人。意識名知者，眼識為見者，命根不斷名壽者。文云受者，即領違順名受者。於五陰中見我所者，明生空竟。第二明法空，文云一切苦受行空故者，觀五陰內一切苦皆空。五陰和合名法集，以無其實名幻化，五陰本來清淨故云無含無散。體知五陰即是真如，故云法同法性寂然空故。第三明境空，文云法境界空，能觀之心既淨，所觀之境亦空，故云境界空。實相門中無相不相，故云空無相。相不能動故云不轉，離惑故以名不顛倒，離解故名不順，知諸法空故名幻化。 > From "all sentient beings" onward is the third \[part\], adducing emptiness to explain and establish \[the meaning\]. Within this there are five subsections: first, explaining the emptiness of sentient beings; second, from "all painful feelings" onward, explaining the emptiness of phenomena; third, from "the sphere of phenomena is empty" onward, explaining the emptiness of the objective sphere; fourth, from "there are no Three Jewels" onward, explaining the emptiness of both ordinary beings and nobles; fifth, from "prajñā is devoid of knowing" onward, explaining the emptiness of knowing. First, in explaining the emptiness of sentient beings, the text states, "sentient beings have no arising or perishing." Because sentient beings are originally aprāptitva and free from suffering, it says "no arising or perishing." Because they are free from accumulation, there is neither bondage nor liberation; because there is no accumulation, they are not causes; because there is no suffering, they are not effects. Through causes and conditions according with the conventional, they are not without cause and effect. Sentient beings are prajñapti, yet are not devoid of the cause that is the buddhadhātu, nor devoid of the effect that is nirvāṇa. The birth-and-death of sentient beings is called defilement; what arises within the pañca-skandha is called "self"; the practitioner of prajñapti is called "person." The mental consciousness is called the "knower"; the visual consciousness is the "seer"; the unbroken life-faculty is called the "one who lives." The text says "experiencer," which is the experiencer who apprehends what is agreeable or disagreeable. Apprehending "mine" within the pañca-skandha concludes the explanation of the emptiness of sentient beings. Second, in explaining the emptiness of phenomena, the text states, "because all painful feelings and saṃskāras are empty": one contemplates that all suffering within the pañca-skandha is empty. The harmony of the pañca-skandha is called the "aggregation of phenomena"; because they lack real substance, they are "illusory transformations." Because the pañca-skandha are originally pure, it says "neither contained nor scattered." Comprehending that the pañca-skandha are themselves tathatā, it says "phenomena are identical with the dharmatā, being tranquil and empty." Third, in explaining the emptiness of the objective sphere, the text states, "the sphere of phenomena is empty": once the mind capable of contemplating is purified, the objective sphere contemplated is also empty, hence it says "the sphere is empty." In the gateway of dharmatā, there is neither mark nor non-mark, hence it says "empty and without marks." Because marks cannot move, it says "does not turn"; being free from delusion, it is called "not inverted"; being free from liberation, it is called "not according"; knowing that all phenomena are empty, they are called "illusory transformations." > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.79](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1707.2.79) - [Next: 2.81](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1707.2.81) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1707.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1707~en-mt.2.80) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (1) - [仁王護國般若經疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1705.5.9) — Classical Chinese --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1707.2.80](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1707.2.80) · Pramāṇa