[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [仁王護國般若波羅蜜多經疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709) › 1.127 # 仁王護國般若波羅蜜多經疏 1.127 仁王護國般若波羅蜜多經疏 1.127 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [1.127](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.1.127) 解曰：六欲天王者，初標類也。欲謂欲界，婬食引貪。於欲界中天處有六，如《順正理》三十一云「一四大王眾天，居妙高山第四層級，謂彼天眾事四大王，是四大王之所領故。二三十三天，居妙高頂，謂彼天處三十三部諸天所居。三夜摩天，謂彼天處時時多分稱快樂哉。四覩史多天，謂彼天處於自所受生喜足心。五樂變化天，謂彼天處樂化欲境於中受樂。六他化自在天，謂彼天處於他所化妙欲境中自在受樂。」彼諸天王皆來詣會。釋提桓因等者，三十三天主也。梵云釋迦提婆因達羅者，釋迦姓也，此翻為能。提婆天也，因陀羅帝也，此正翻云能天帝也。今此經云釋提桓因，梵語訛略；若餘處云天帝釋者，言乃倒耳。往昔過去字憍尸迦，此云繭兒。又名阿摩揭陀，此云無毒害，即摩揭陀國。過去帝釋修因之處，用為國名。彼國舊名置甘露處，如《智論》說：劫初帝釋與阿修羅以山為鑽，鑽乳海，得甘露，置於此地，因以名焉。帝釋往昔有三十二人以為同伴，有善法天人、圓生天人、歡喜天人，設支夫人同修勝業故生天中。有善法堂、圓生樹、歡喜園，阿修羅女設支夫人，此等因緣如餘處說。舉此等餘五天主也。與其眷屬等者，明諸天眾隨天主來，故言無量。從此第八色界諸天眾。其義者何？ > The commentary states: 'Kings of the six desire heavens': first, the category is indicated. 'Desire' refers to the desire realm, where sexual intercourse and food induce craving. Within the desire realm there are six celestial stations, as the thirty-first fascicle of the \*Nyāyānusāra\* says: 'First, the Heaven of the Four Great Kings, situated on the fourth terrace of Mount Sumeru; that is, those celestial hosts serve the Four Great Kings, because they are led by the Four Great Kings. Second, the Heaven of the Thirty-Three, situated atop Mount Sumeru; that is, the celestial station where the thirty-three groups of devas reside. Third, the Yāma Heaven, which means that in that celestial station they constantly and mostly proclaim: "How joyful!" Fourth, the Tuṣita Heaven, which means that in that celestial station they give rise to a contented and joyous mind regarding what they receive. Fifth, the Nirmāṇarati Heaven, which means that in that celestial station they delight in creating objects of desire and take pleasure therein. Sixth, the Paranirmitavaśavartin Heaven, which means that in that celestial station they sovereignly enjoy pleasure within the sublime objects of desire created by others.' Those heavenly kings all came to attend the assembly. 'Śakra Devānām Indra and others' refers to the lord of the Heaven of the Thirty-Three. In Sanskrit, \*Śakra Devānām Indra\*: \*Śakra\* is the family name, translated here as 'able'. \*Deva\* is 'god' (deva), and \*indra\* is 'lord'; correctly translated here it means 'Able Celestial Lord'. In the present sūtra, 'Shitihuanyin' is an abbreviated and corrupt transcription from Sanskrit; when elsewhere it is called 'Tiandishi', the words are merely reversed. In the distant past his name was Kauśika, which means 'cocoon child'. He was also named Amagadha, which means 'non-injurious', which is the country of Magadha; because it was the place where Śakra practiced the causes in the past, it was used as the name of the country. The old name of that country was 'Place Where Amṛta Was Set', as the \*Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa\* says: at the beginning of the kalpa, Śakra and the asuras used a mountain as a churn-drill to churn the ocean of milk, obtained amṛta, and placed it on this ground, hence naming it after that. In the past Śakra had thirty-two companions, including the Sudharma Deva, the Pārijāta Deva, the Nandana Deva, and Lady Śacī, who together cultivated superior karma and were therefore born in heaven. There are the Sudharma Hall, the Pārijāta Tree, the Nandana Garden, and the asura maiden Lady Śacī; the causes and conditions of these are as explained elsewhere. Mentioning him stands for the other five celestial lords. 'Accompanied by their retinues and so forth' clarifies that the celestial multitudes accompanied their celestial lords, and hence are called 'immeasurable'. Next is the eighth group, the devas of the form realm. What is its meaning? > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 1.126](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.1.126) - [Next: 1.128](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.1.128) - [Up: 1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.1) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709~en-mt.1.127) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (4) - [妙法蓮華經玄贊](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.2.48) — Classical Chinese - [仁王經疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1708.1.139) — Classical Chinese - [ཆོས་མངོན་པའི་མཛོད་ཀྱི་འགྲེལ་བཤད](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.darsana.abhidharma.abhidharmakosa!bhasya!sphutartha*bo.483) — Classical Tibetan - [Sgra sbyor bam po gnyis pa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.tibet.tengyur.sna_tshogs.sgra-sbyor.53) — Classical Tibetan --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.1.127](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.1.127) · Pramāṇa