[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [仁王護國般若波羅蜜多經疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709) › 1.72 # 仁王護國般若波羅蜜多經疏 1.72 仁王護國般若波羅蜜多經疏 1.72 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [1.72](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.1.72) 問：此之三漏，體別云何？答：欲漏體者，依《佛地論》，欲界見道四諦各十，謂貪嗔癡慢疑五見即成四十，欲界修道有其六種，貪嗔癡慢身邊二見，并前見道有四十六，根本煩惱兼忿恨等二十隨惑成六十六。於五部下除五無明餘六十，一總名欲漏。欲唯散地、唯有漏地。謂通五趣具四生地，不善、有覆二性為體，多緣欲起。欲之漏故，依主立名，名為欲漏。有漏體者，謂色無色二界合立，且如色界四諦各八，修道有四，地法無嗔又除無明有三十六，根本煩惱并八大隨成四十四。其無色界亦四十四。二界合論有八十八。色界諂誑及二界憍，此四足前成九十二，總名有漏。二界定地通無漏地，天趣化生有覆無記一性為體，由此合明名為有漏。緣有之漏，有即漏故。二釋皆得名為有漏。無明漏者，三界五部十五無明名無明漏。無明力增，相應不共皆是漏故。與前二漏而作所依，唯自行相迷闇為性。無明即漏，持業得名，名無明漏。 > Question: What are the distinct substances of these three outflows? Answer: Regarding the substance of the outflow of desire, according to the Buddhabhūmi-śāstra, in the path of seeing of the desire realm there are ten for each of the four noble truths—namely greed, anger, delusion, pride, doubt, and the five views, which makes forty; in the path of cultivation of the desire realm there are six—greed, anger, delusion, pride, and the two views of identity and extremes; combined with the preceding forty of the path of seeing there are forty-six; these root afflictions, combined with the twenty secondary afflictions such as wrath and hatred, total sixty-six. Excluding the five \[instances of\] ignorance under the five categories, the remaining sixty-one are collectively called the outflow of desire. Desire pertains only to the non-concentrated stage and only to stages with outflows. That is, it pervades the five destinies and includes the stages of the four types of birth, having as its nature the two qualities of the unwholesome and the veiled \[indeterminate\]; it arises mostly in relation to desire. Being the outflow of desire, its name is established based on the primary factor, called "the outflow of desire." Regarding the substance of the outflow of existence, it is established by combining the form and formless realms. For instance, in the form realm there are eight for each of the four noble truths, and four in the path of cultivation; in the dharmas of this realm there is no anger, and excluding ignorance there are thirty-six root afflictions, which combined with the eight major secondary afflictions total forty-four. The formless realm likewise has forty-four. Discussing the two realms together, there are eighty-eight. Flattery and deceit in the form realm, and arrogance in both realms—these four, added to the previous, make ninety-two, collectively called the outflow of existence. The two realms are concentrated stages and connect to the stage of non-outflow; their destinal rebirth as devas is apparitional birth, having as their nature the single quality of the veiled indeterminate; because of this they are explained together and called the outflow of existence. It is the outflow in relation to existence, or existence itself is the outflow; both explanations justify calling it the outflow of existence. Regarding the outflow of ignorance, the fifteen \[types of\] ignorance across the five categories of the three realms are called the outflow of ignorance. Because the force of ignorance is augmented, both associated and unshared \[ignorance\] are outflows. They serve as the support for the previous two outflows, having only their own cognitive mode of delusion and darkness as their nature. Ignorance itself is the outflow; having acquired its name by karmadhāraya compound, it is called the outflow of ignorance. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 1.71](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.1.71) - [Next: 1.73](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.1.73) - [Up: 1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.1) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709~en-mt.1.72) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.1.72](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.1.72) · Pramāṇa