[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [仁王護國般若波羅蜜多經疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709) › 2.13 # 仁王護國般若波羅蜜多經疏 2.13 仁王護國般若波羅蜜多經疏 2.13 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.2.13) 解曰：謂蘊處界、士夫六界、外道異生執實起倒，舉以明空。十二因緣，明獨覺觀。言四諦者，明聲聞觀。言二諦者，明菩薩觀。悉無自性一切皆空，前四後一如上已明。緣生二諦，至下當悉。從此第二生滅明空。文分為四：且初第一標生滅空。 > The commentary states: This means that regarding the aggregates, sense fields, and realms, as well as the six elements of a person, non-Buddhists and ordinary beings cling to them as real and give rise to inversion; \[the text\] cites them in order to elucidate emptiness. The twelve links of conditioned origination elucidate the contemplation of pratyekabuddhas. The statement "the four truths" elucidates the contemplation of śrāvakas. The statement "the two truths" elucidates the contemplation of bodhisattvas. All are without intrinsic nature (niḥsvabhāva) and entirely empty; the first four and the latter one have already been clarified above. As for the two truths of dependent origination, they will be fully explained below. Next is the second \[section\], elucidating emptiness through arising and ceasing. The text is divided into four parts: first, positing the emptiness of arising and ceasing. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.2.12) - [Next: 2.14](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.2.14) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709~en-mt.2.13) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.2.13](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1709.2.13) · Pramāṇa