[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [法華文句記](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1719) › 8.20 # 法華文句記 8.20 法華文句記 8.20 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [8.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1719.8.20) 「云云」者，應略辨三轉之相。示者，謂此是苦乃至此是道。勸者，謂苦應知、集應斷、滅應證、道應修。證者，苦我已知不復更知，乃至道我已修不復更修。「示」謂示其相狀，「勸」謂勸其令修，「證」謂引己證彼。《大論》、《俱舍》諸文委釋。若以大小經論轉法輪義同異之相盡著此中，紙數盈百尚不可盡，意令知彼先小後大同此土耳，故不多述。今辨諸門略示同異，於中為四：初約所對，次「為聲聞」下約所為，三「何故」下明三轉意，四「問」下料簡。初文二：先對四法，次對三道，以四法中義類同故。第三意中云「為眾生有三種根」者，聲聞乘中自有此三，故於鹿苑取悟不同。《大論》、《婆沙》亦云三根，上根聞初轉，中下準知。「問初為」等者，既云聲聞自有三根，五人並是聲聞根性，既具三根復有諸天，何意無三？「為生」下答，人天通有三義故也。謂慧根道聞等不同是三慧，悟有前後即三根，見修無學即三道，色無色般義準亦有，但非因轉法輪得耳。 > As for "and so forth", one should briefly distinguish the marks of the three turnings. Demonstrating means: "This is suffering," up to "This is the path." Exhorting means: "Suffering should be known; the cause of suffering should be eradicated; cessation should be realized; the path should be cultivated." Confirming means: "Suffering has already been known by me, and need not be known again," up to "the path has already been cultivated by me, and need not be cultivated again." "Demonstrating" means showing their marks; "exhorting" means urging them to cultivate; "confirming" means citing oneself to attest to it for them. The texts of the \*Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa\* and the \*Abhidharmakośa\* explain these in detail. If one were to set forth fully here all the points of convergence and divergence in the meaning of the turning of the wheel of the Dharma across the Hinayāna and Mahāyāna sūtras and treatises, more than a hundred sheets of paper would not exhaust them. The intention is simply to let it be known that in that \[other\] land they also started with the small and later proceeded to the great just as in this land, so they are not related extensively. Now distinguishing the various approaches, I briefly show their convergence and divergence, within which there are four parts: first, in terms of what is matched; next, from "for śrāvakas" down, in terms of those for whom it is performed; third, from "for what reason" down, clarifying the intent of the three turnings; fourth, from "Question" down, providing an analysis. The first text has two parts: first, matching with four dharmas; second, matching with the three paths, because within the four dharmas the categories of meaning are identical. In the third part regarding the intent, it states: "Because sentient beings have three kinds of faculties": śrāvakas themselves have these three in their vehicle, and thus in the Deer Park their attainment of awakening was not uniform. The \*Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa\* and the \*Mahāvibhāṣā\* also state there are three kinds of faculties: those of superior faculties hear the first turning, and those of medium and lower faculties may be inferred accordingly. As for "Question: initially for..." and so forth: since it is said that śrāvakas themselves possess three faculties, and all five persons are of the disposition of śrāvakas, since they possess the three faculties and there are also the various devas, for what reason were there not three \[turnings for all\]? The reply beginning with "For the sake of generating..." indicates it is because both humans and devas share all three meanings. That is to say, differences in the path of the faculty of wisdom, hearing, and so forth are the three wisdoms; awakening occurring earlier or later constitutes the three faculties; the path of seeing, the path of cultivation, and the path of the non-learner constitute the three paths; by analogy, entering nirvāṇa in the form and formless realms also exists in principle, but they are simply not attained by reason of the turning of the wheel of the Dharma. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 8.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1719.8.19) - [Next: 8.21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1719.8.21) - [Up: 8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1719.8) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1719~en-mt.8.20) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1719.8.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1719.8.20) · Pramāṇa