[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [法華義疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1721) › 10.204 # 法華義疏 10.204 法華義疏 10.204 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [10.204](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1721.10.204) 依什師意及《法華論》是異質同處。所言異質者，土淨穢兩質也。同處者，淨質在穢處、穢質在淨處，麁妙既殊不相障礙，故今文云「常在靈鷲山」，即知淨土在穢處也。次明一質異見者，所言一質者，此有多門，若望正道為論未曾淨穢，隨淨穢二緣見淨穢二土，以對淨穢二見故言非淨非穢，名為一質，故言一質二見。若就二緣自論一質異見者，自有是一淨質薄福之人自見其穢，自有是一穢質於福德之人自見其淨。總論質、見各有四句。質四句者，自有一質異處，異質一處，一質一處，異質異處。一質異處者，一非淨穢質在淨穢異處也。異質一處者，淨穢異質在非淨穢一處也。所以有此二句者，諸法本性寂滅故名一質，此本性寂滅不離淨穢故在淨穢二處，雖有淨穢二質常本性寂滅，故是二質一處。一質二處者，即是不動真際建立諸法，二質一處謂不壞假名而說實相。一質一處者，直就實相而論實相。異質異處者，土有淨穢在彼此不同也。見四句者，一質一見，一中道質菩薩之人因中道得正觀故見中道土。異質異見者，淨穢異質隨淨穢二緣見。一質異見者，一非淨穢質於淨穢緣見有淨穢。異質一見者，淨穢二質，智者了達知其無二。次約用論四句：一質異處，如一淨質通在淨穢二處。如《釋論》云「曇無竭香城之質即在香城處，而香城在閻浮提穢中」也。二者、淨穢二質同在一處，以麁妙不相礙故。三者、二質二處，淨穢二質在彼此二處。四者、一質一處，如淨質自在淨處，穢質亦然。約見論四句者，自有一質一見，於一淨質還起淨見，穢土亦爾。二者、二質二見，於淨穢二質各起淨穢二見。三者、一質二見，但是淨質於二緣所見不同。四者、二質一見，雖有淨穢二質，於福德人但見其淨，無福者但覩其穢也。 > According to Master \[Kumāra\]jīva's intent and the Fahua lun, they are different substances in the same place. What are called "different substances" are the two substances of the land, pure and defiled. "The same place" means that the pure substance is in the defiled place, and the defiled substance is in the pure place; since coarse and subtle are distinct, they do not obstruct each other. Hence the present text says, "Always abiding on Vulture Peak," by which we know that the pure land is in the defiled place. Next, explaining a single substance differently viewed: what is called "a single substance" has many perspectives. If discussed with regard to the correct path, it has never been pure or defiled; in accordance with the two conditions of pure and defiled, one sees the two lands of pure and defiled. Being contrasted with the two views of pure and defiled, it is said to be neither pure nor defiled, which is called a single substance; hence it is called a single substance with two views. If, in terms of the two conditions themselves, one discusses a single substance differently viewed: there is \[a case where\] it is a single pure substance, yet a person of slight merit personally sees it as defiled; there is \[a case where\] it is a single defiled substance, yet for a person of virtue it is personally seen as pure. In general, substance and view each have four propositions. The four propositions of substance are: there is a single substance in different places; different substances in one place; a single substance in one place; different substances in different places. "A single substance in different places" means that the single substance that is neither pure nor defiled is in the different places of pure and defiled. "Different substances in one place" means that the different substances of pure and defiled are in the one place that is neither pure nor defiled. The reason these two propositions exist is that the fundamental nature of all phenomena is quiescent, hence called a single substance; this fundamental nature of quiescence is not separate from pure and defiled, hence it is in the two places of pure and defiled. Although there are two substances, pure and defiled, they are constantly quiescent in their fundamental nature, hence they are two substances in one place. "A single substance in two places" is establishing all phenomena without stirring from the real limit; "two substances in one place" is explaining true reality without destroying provisional designations. "A single substance in one place" discusses true reality directly in terms of true reality. "Different substances in different places" means that the lands are pure and defiled, being distinct here and there. As for the four propositions of view: a single substance with a single view means that a bodhisattva, through the middle way, obtains correct contemplation of the single substance of the middle way, and thus sees the middle way land. Different substances with different views means that the different substances of pure and defiled are seen in accordance with the two conditions of pure and defiled. A single substance with different views means that with respect to the single substance that is neither pure nor defiled, under pure and defiled conditions, pure and defiled are seen to exist. Different substances with a single view means that regarding the two substances of pure and defiled, the wise thoroughly comprehend them and know they are non-dual. Next, discussing the four propositions in terms of function: a single substance in different places is like a single pure substance universally present in both pure and defiled places. As the Dazhidulun says, "The substance of Dharmodgata's Fragrant City is precisely in the place of the Fragrant City, yet the Fragrant City is amidst the defilement of Jambudvīpa." Second, the two substances of pure and defiled are together in one place, because coarse and subtle do not obstruct each other. Third, two substances in two places means that the two substances of pure and defiled are in the two places, here and there. Fourth, a single substance in one place is like a pure substance being naturally in a pure place, and a defiled substance is likewise. Discussing the four propositions in terms of view: there is a single substance with a single view, where regarding a single pure substance one still generates a pure view, and the defiled land is likewise. Second, two substances with two views, where regarding the two substances of pure and defiled, one separately generates the two views of pure and defiled. Third, a single substance with two views, where it is merely a pure substance, yet what is seen under the two conditions differs. Fourth, two substances with a single view, where although there are two substances of pure and defiled, a person of merit sees only its purity, while one without merit observes only its defilement. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 10.203](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1721.10.203) - [Next: 10.205](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1721.10.205) - [Up: 10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1721.10) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1721~en-mt.10.204) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1721.10.204](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1721.10.204) · Pramāṇa