[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [法華義疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1721) › 8.45 # 法華義疏 8.45 法華義疏 8.45 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [8.45](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1721.8.45) 「所生卉木叢林」下，第二、明所生草木。前能生有兩：大千為總、山川為別。今所生亦二：一總、二別。「卉木叢林」，總明所生也。卉是百草之通名，木是眾樹之總稱，草聚為叢，木叢為林，此譬總明五乘眾生也。「及諸藥草」下，別明所生也。草有能治病者稱為藥草，所生別者眾多而偏題藥草者，猶其有愈病之功多所利益，即是偏嘆中根領解成於菩薩，上紹佛業、下利益眾生也。「種類若干名色各異」者，通釋草木差別義也。種謂種別，類謂品類，略明草類有三、木類有二，合譬可知。「名色各異」者，名以目體，色像外形，譬五乘眾生名字不同體相各異也。 > From "the plants, trees, thickets, and groves produced" downward is the second \[part\], explaining the grasses and trees produced. Previously, that which can produce was twofold: the trichiliocosm was general, and the mountains and rivers were particular. Now, what is produced is also twofold: first general, second particular. "Plants, trees, thickets, and groves" explains what is produced in general. "Plants" (hui) is the general name for the myriad grasses; "trees" (mu) is the collective term for the many trees; when grasses cluster they form thickets (cong), and when trees cluster they form groves (lin). This parable explains sentient beings of the five vehicles in general. From "and the various medicinal herbs" downward explains what is produced in particular. Grasses that can cure illness are called medicinal herbs; those produced in particular are numerous, yet it uniquely specifies medicinal herbs because of their efficacy in curing illness and yielding much benefit; this uniquely praises those of middling faculties who grasp and understand, becoming bodhisattvas, continuing the Buddha's work above and benefiting sentient beings below. As for "their varieties are manifold, their names and forms each different," this universally explains the meaning of the distinctions among grasses and trees. "Varieties" (zhong) refers to different kinds; "classes" (lei) refers to grades and categories; it briefly explains that classes of grass are three and classes of tree are two, which can be known when matching the parable. As for "their names and forms each different," names designate their substance, while forms resemble their external appearance, illustrating that sentient beings of the five vehicles have different names and each have distinct essences and marks. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 8.44](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1721.8.44) - [Next: 8.46](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1721.8.46) - [Up: 8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1721.8) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1721~en-mt.8.45) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1721.8.45](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1721.8.45) · Pramāṇa