[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [妙法蓮華經玄贊](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723) › 2.11 # 妙法蓮華經玄贊 2.11 妙法蓮華經玄贊 2.11 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.2.11) 三說不退轉，謂轉不退轉法輪。法輪是所說，常說此不退轉法故，謂轉如前四位二種不退轉法，名轉不退轉法輪。又《彌勒所問經》云：「說自分功德名轉不退法輪，說外分功德名轉不轉法輪。」又說智名不退，說福名不轉。又說般若名不退，說方便名不轉。又說有為事名不退，說無為理名不轉。此法如輪故名法輪。輪有三義：一圓滿義，八正道等，轂、輞、輻等皆圓滿故。二不定義，佛從見道轉生修道，從修道後生無學道，自得此已復為他說，安置聖道於他身中，如是展轉他得聖已，復為他說，喻輪不定故名為輪。三摧壞義，蟷蜋拒轍輪能摧之，聖道在心能摧煩惱，能摧未伏能鎮已伏，如王輪寶故喻如輪。法輪有五：一輪自性，擇法覺支、正見等是。二法輪因，能生聖道教、聞、思等。三輪眷屬，聖道助伴五蘊諸法。四法輪境，聖道所緣四諦等理。五法輪果，因道所證菩提、涅槃。轉者說也。法既名輪說亦稱轉，今隨所應說八地後行不退位此五法輪，故名為轉。又此五體即是四法。教、理、行、果皆名法輪。轉者動也顯也、運也起也。動宣言教顯揚妙理，運聖道於聲前、起真智於言後，圓摧障惱名轉法輪。下〈方便品〉當具顯示。 > Third is non-retrogression in expounding, referring to "turning the non-retrogressing wheel of the Dharma." The wheel of the Dharma is what is expounded; because they constantly expound this non-retrogressing Dharma, meaning that they turn the non-retrogressing Dharma of the aforementioned four stages and two kinds, it is called turning the non-retrogressing wheel of the Dharma. Moreover, the \*Maitreya-paripṛcchā-sūtra\* says: "Expounding the merits of one's own sphere is called turning the non-retrogressing wheel of the Dharma; expounding the merits of other spheres is called turning the non-turning wheel of the Dharma." Furthermore, expounding wisdom is called non-retrogressing, and expounding merit is called non-turning. Furthermore, expounding prajñā is called non-retrogressing, and expounding expedient means is called non-turning. Furthermore, expounding conditioned phenomena is called non-retrogressing, and expounding unconditioned principle is called non-turning. This Dharma is like a wheel, hence it is called the wheel of the Dharma. A wheel has three meanings: first, the meaning of perfection, because the hub, rim, spokes, etc., like the eightfold noble path, are all complete and perfect. Second, the meaning of non-fixity: the Buddha turns from the path of seeing to generate the path of cultivation, and from after the path of cultivation generates the path of no-learning; having attained this himself, he expounds it for others, establishing the noble path within the bodies of others; in this way it passes on successively, and once others have attained the noble \[state\], they again expound it for others; like a wheel being non-fixed, it is called a wheel. Third, the meaning of crushing: just as a praying mantis blocking a cart's path is crushed by the wheel, the noble path in the mind can crush afflictions; it can crush what is not yet subdued and suppress what is already subdued, like the wheel-treasure of a king; hence it is compared to a wheel. The wheel of the Dharma has five aspects: first, the intrinsic nature of the wheel, which is the factor of awakening of dharma-investigation, right view, and so forth. Second, the causes of the wheel of the Dharma, which are the teaching, hearing, and contemplating that can generate the noble path. Third, the retinue of the wheel, which are the dharmas of the five aggregates that assist the noble path. Fourth, the sphere of the wheel of the Dharma, which is the principle of the four truths and so forth, as cognitive objects of the noble path. Fifth, the fruit of the wheel of the Dharma, which is the bodhi and nirvāṇa realized through the path. "Turning" means expounding. Since the Dharma is called a wheel, expounding it is called turning. Here, expounding these five wheels of the Dharma appropriate to the stage of non-retrogression in practice beyond the eighth stage is called turning. Furthermore, the essence of these five is precisely the four dharmas: teaching, principle, practice, and fruit are all called the wheel of the Dharma. "Turning" means moving, revealing, conveying, and giving rise to. Moving the proclaimed teaching, revealing the wondrous principle, conveying the noble path prior to the voice, and giving rise to true wisdom following the words, perfectly crushing obstacles and afflictions, is called turning the wheel of the Dharma. This will be fully explained below in the 'Expedient Means Chapter'. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.2.10) - [Next: 2.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.2.12) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723~en-mt.2.11) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.2.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.2.11) · Pramāṇa