[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [妙法蓮華經玄贊](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723) › 2.193 # 妙法蓮華經玄贊 2.193 妙法蓮華經玄贊 2.193 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.193](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.2.193) 贊曰：此五頌施。分三：初三頌四事施，次一頌上妙施，後一頌意樂施。「四事」者，飲食、湯藥、衣服、臥具。「肴」者，非穀而食之曰肴。「肴」𦵔也，應作「肴」字。食也啖也。菜之類是。亦云荳實。「膳」具食也。今時美物亦曰珍膳，俗解肴膳肉也。今則不然，菩薩設以供養佛故應為「膳」字，有作「餚饍」非也。「旃檀」者，赤謂牛頭栴檀，黑謂紫檀之類，白謂白檀之屬。上妙施中，父、母，病法師，最後身菩薩；設非證聖者，施果亦無量。又云若有戒足雖羸劣，而能辨說利多人，如佛大師應供養，愛彼善說故相似故，以清淨好園林施。意樂施中有六意樂：一廣大、二無厭、三歡喜、四恩德、五無染、六善好。此中有三：一歡喜、二無厭、三善好，即求無上道前施四事即廣大施，荷彼前恩名恩德施，三時無悔不為染雜名無染施。以飲食施足法食故，不墮飢饉劫故；以醫藥施當得法藥無諸病故；以衣服施得七寶衣，柔和善順具慚愧故；以臥具施當具資緣入空寂舍慈悲室故；以園林施當住覺苑總持園故，及得無漏法林樹故；以華施得七覺華故；以菓施得四聖果故；以浴池施當得捨垢八解池故。 > The Commentary says: These five verses concern giving (dāna). They are divided into three parts: the first three verses concern the giving of the four requisites; the next one verse concerns supreme and wonderful giving; and the last one verse concerns giving with resolve (āśaya). "Four requisites" refers to food and drink, medicines, clothing, and bedding. "Delicacies" (xiao 肴): food other than grain is called xiao. Xiao means food dishes, properly written with the character 肴. It means eating and chewing; vegetables and the like belong to it; it also refers to beans. "Provisions" (shan 膳) means complete meals. In contemporary usage, fine delicacies are also called precious provisions (zhenshan). Common usage interprets xiao-shan as meats. Here that is not so: since bodhisattvas prepare them to make offerings to the Buddha, the character 膳 must be used; those who write it as 餚饍 are incorrect. As for "sandalwood" (candana), red denotes goshīrṣa-candana, black denotes species of red sandalwood (padma-candana / zitan), and white denotes species of white sandalwood. In the verse on supreme and wonderful giving: father, mother, sick Dharma masters, and bodhisattvas in their final birth; even if they have not realized sagehood, the fruit of giving to them is immeasurable. It also says: if there is someone whose moral discipline is deficient, yet who is able to expound and benefit many people, one should make offerings to them as to the Buddha, the Great Master, out of love for their excellent exposition and because of their resemblance \[to the Buddha\]; thus one gives pure and delightful gardens and groves. Within giving with resolve, there are six resolves: first, vastness; second, inexhaustibility; third, joy; fourth, gratitude; fifth, undefiledness; sixth, excellence. In this passage there are three: first, joy; second, inexhaustibility; third, excellence. Seeking the unexcelled path and earlier giving the four requisites is giving of vastness; bearing in mind their past kindness is called giving of gratitude; feeling no regret at the three times and remaining free of defilement and admixture is called undefiled giving. Giving food and drink fulfills the Dharma-food and prevents one from falling into kalpas of famine; giving medicine ensures that one will obtain the Dharma-medicine and be free from all illnesses; giving clothing ensures that one will obtain robes of the seven precious substances, gentle, compliant, and endowed with shame and conscience; giving bedding ensures that one will possess requisite conditions and enter the abode of tranquility and the chamber of great compassion; giving gardens and groves ensures that one will dwell in the park of awakening and the park of dhāraṇī, and obtain the trees of the grove of the uncontaminated Dharma; giving flowers ensures that one will obtain the flowers of the seven limbs of awakening; giving fruits ensures that one will obtain the four fruits of sagehood; giving bathing ponds ensures that one will obtain the pool of the eight liberations that abandons defilement. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.192](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.2.192) - [Next: 2.194](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.2.194) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723~en-mt.2.193) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.2.193](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.2.193) · Pramāṇa