[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [妙法蓮華經玄贊](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723) › 9.80 # 妙法蓮華經玄贊 9.80 妙法蓮華經玄贊 9.80 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [9.80](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.9.80) 贊曰：此釋。有三：一穢身不得，能依勝法依勝人故；二時少不得，果妙大故；三障礙不得，離障無礙方圓覺故。《超日明三昧經》說「上座比丘謂慧施曰：不可女人身得成佛道。有三事隔、五事礙故。何謂為三？在家從父母制，出嫁從夫制，夫亡從子制。」亦同俗書三從之義。五礙同此，即彼經云「不得作梵天者，奉清淨行無有垢行，修四等心善達四禪，及昇梵天婬恣無度，乃為女人，故不得作梵天。不得作帝釋者，勇猛小欲乃作帝釋，雜惡多態為其女故。不得作魔王者，十善具足尊敬三寶，奉事父母謙順長年，乃作魔王；輕慢不順毀失正教，為女人故。不得作輪王者，行菩薩道慈愍群萌，供養三尊、先聖、師父乃作輪王。主四天下，化行十善，尊崇道德，為輪王故；無有淨行，為女人故。不得作佛者，行菩薩心愍念一切，大慈大悲被大乘甲，消五蔭化六衰，行三三昧解二無我，證無生忍體達一切，乃得成佛；女無此事，故不得成。」〈菩薩地〉言「一切女人成就煩惱、諸染污智；諸佛不以惡身能證無上大菩提，故說女人不得作佛。」 > The Eulogy says: This explains \[the doubt\]. There are three points: first, it cannot be attained with a defiled body, because the supreme Dharma depends upon a supreme person; second, it cannot be attained in a brief time, because the fruit is wondrous and vast; third, it cannot be attained due to obstacles, because only when one is free from obstacles and unobstructed can there be complete and perfect awakening. The Sūtra of the Samādhi of Transcending the Sun's Radiance (\*Sūryaprabhāsamādhi-sūtra\*) states: "An elder monk said to Huishe: 'One cannot attain the Buddha Path in a female body, because of three separations and five obstructions. What are the three? In the household, she complies with the governance of her parents; when married off, she complies with the governance of her husband; and when her husband dies, she complies with the governance of her son.'" This also accords with the meaning of the "three submissions" in conventional books. The five obstructions are the same as here; that sūtra states: "As for being unable to become a Brahmā King, \[a Brahmā King\] undertakes pure conduct free of defiled conduct, cultivates the four immeasurable minds, and is well-versed in the four dhyānas, while when rising to Brahmā Heaven \[women\] are wanton and licentious without limit, for they are women; thus she cannot become a Brahmā King. As for being unable to become Śakra, one becomes Śakra by being valiant and having few desires, whereas a woman has mixed evils and manifold guiles. As for being unable to become a Māra King, one becomes a Māra King by being fully endowed with the ten good deeds, revering the Three Jewels, serving one's parents, and being humble and yielding to the elderly; whereas a woman is disrespectful, noncompliant, and destroys and abandons the correct teaching. As for being unable to become a wheel-turning king, one becomes a wheel-turning king by practicing the bodhisattva path, taking pity on sentient beings, and making offerings to the Three Honored Ones, former sages, masters, and fathers. A wheel-turning king governs the four continents, transforms \[beings\] by practicing the ten virtues, and honors virtue; whereas a woman lacks pure conduct. As for being unable to become a buddha, one attains buddhahood by practicing the bodhisattva mind, being mindful of and pitying all beings, donning the armor of the Great Vehicle with great loving-kindness and great compassion, extinguishing the five skandhas and transforming the six decays, practicing the three samādhis, understanding the two kinds of selflessness, realizing the tolerance of non-arising, and thoroughly comprehending all things; a woman lacks these matters, so she cannot attain it." The \*Bodhisattvabhūmi\* states: "All women are characterized by defilements and all kinds of tainted cognition; buddhas do not realize unsurpassed great bodhi with an evil body, hence it is said that a woman cannot become a buddha." > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 9.79](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.9.79) - [Next: 9.81](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.9.81) - [Up: 9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.9) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723~en-mt.9.80) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.9.80](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1723.9.80) · Pramāṇa