[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [華嚴經探玄記](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1733) › 3.16 # 華嚴經探玄記 3.16 華嚴經探玄記 3.16 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [3.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1733.3.16) 第九六釋者，亦名六合釋。一依主釋者，亦名依士，謂兩法相望，假依彼主而立此名。如說眼識，非眼即識，以依眼之識名為眼識。若離言，眼是能見義，識是了別義，今此合辨，故名合釋。若單法為名者，非六釋所收也。二持業釋者，亦名同依釋，謂舉其業用以顯自體。如說藏識，藏是業用，識是其體，藏即識故，持用釋體，非是別體相依。既非二法，何名合釋？以體用不離故名合也。三有財釋者，亦名多財釋，謂從所有物以立其名。如說佛土，土是佛之所有，名為佛土也。四相違釋者，謂如一句中有多名言，各別詮義，如偈說於佛及法僧等。非如依主、持業等，雖有多言，同目一義也。五隣近釋者，謂從所近以立其名。如四念處觀，實以慧為體，以與念相近，名為念處也。六帶數釋者，謂以數顯義。如說十地等，皆從數以顯義別也。問：此六釋攝法盡不？答：凡諸法得名，略有五例：一離合得名，如此六釋。二單法當體立名，如信等，此約直詮。三無他受稱，如無明等，此約遮詮。四譬類得名，如華嚴等，從喻彰名。五相形立號，如大乘形小以立其名等。是故六釋但據初門。若於前六帖後四釋，總為十釋。略攝諸法得名差別。 > Ninth, the six compound analyses (ṣaṭsamāsāḥ): also called the six combined analyses. 1. The dependent-on-the-principal compound (tatpuruṣa): also called dependent-on-a-servant (upasarjana); that is, looking between two phenomena, one provisionally relies on that principal to establish this name. As in saying 'eye-consciousness' (cakṣur-vijñāna): the eye is not the consciousness; because it is the consciousness dependent on the eye, it is called 'eye-consciousness'. If analyzed separately, 'eye' has the meaning of being capable of seeing, and 'consciousness' has the meaning of discerning; here they are explained together, hence it is called a combined analysis. If a single phenomenon constitutes a name, it is not subsumed under the six compound analyses. 2. The appositional compound (karmadhāraya): also called the co-referential compound; that is, adducing its karmic function to reveal its intrinsic essence. As in saying 'storehouse consciousness' (ālaya-vijñāna): 'storehouse' is the karmic function and 'consciousness' is its essence; because the storehouse is itself the consciousness, one sustains the function to explain the essence; it is not that distinct essences depend on one another. Since they are not two phenomena, why is it called a combined analysis? Because essence and function are not separate, it is called combined. 3. The possessive compound (bahuvrīhi): also called having-much-wealth; that is, establishing its name from the thing possessed. As in saying 'Buddha-land' (buddha-kṣetra): the land is what the Buddha possesses, hence it is called 'Buddha-land'. 4. The copulative compound (dvandva): that is, when within a single phrase there are multiple nouns each separately signifying a referent, as when a verse speaks of 'the Buddha, Dharma, and Saṅgha', and so on. It is not like tatpuruṣa or karmadhāraya, where although there are multiple words, they jointly denote a single referent. 5. The proximate compound (tatpuruṣa by proximity/avyayībhāva-variant): that is, establishing its name from that to which it is close. As in the contemplation of the four stations of mindfulness (smṛty-upasthāna): their essence is actually wisdom, but because it is proximate to mindfulness, it is called 'station of mindfulness'. 6. The numeral-bearing compound (dvigu): that is, revealing the meaning by means of a number. As in speaking of the 'ten bhūmis' and so on, all revealing distinct meanings through number. Question: Do these six compound analyses exhaust all phenomena? Answer: Generally, how phenomena acquire names broadly falls under five paradigms: 1. Acquiring a name through separation and combination, like these six compound analyses. 2. Establishing a name directly for a single phenomenon's own essence, such as 'faith' and the like; this is in terms of direct designation. 3. Receiving a designation from the absence of another, such as 'ignorance' (avidyā); this is in terms of apophatic designation. 4. Acquiring a name through metaphor and analogy, such as 'Avataṃsaka' (Flower Adornment); manifesting the name from a metaphor. 5. Establishing a title through mutual comparison, such as 'Mahāyāna' (Great Vehicle) establishing its name by comparison to the small \[vehicle\]. Therefore, the six compound analyses only concern the first gate. If one appends the latter four explanations to the former six, they make ten analyses in total, summarily encompassing the differences in how phenomena acquire names. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 3.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1733.3.15) - [Next: 3.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1733.3.17) - [Up: 3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1733.3) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1733~en-mt.3.16) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1733.3.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1733.3.16) · Pramāṇa