[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [華嚴經探玄記](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1733) › 3.56 # 華嚴經探玄記 3.56 華嚴經探玄記 3.56 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [3.56](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1733.3.56) 四染淨者，若小乘，唯染。三乘有二：一約位、二約法。初中有四對，顯其染淨：一約因果，謂金剛已還菩薩所住名果報土，不名淨土，以過患未盡故；唯佛一人使習都亡，所居名淨，是故《仁王經》云「三賢十聖住果報，唯佛一人居淨土。」二約一向非一向，謂八地已上菩薩所住得名淨土，以一向出三界事故，具足四句一向義故，謂一向淨、一向樂、一向無失、一向自在。七地已還未名淨土，以非一向出三界故；縱由願力而得出者，四句一向不具足故，謂無流觀智有間斷故，非無失等也，此依《攝論》辨。三約純雜，謂凡夫二乘雜居之處不名淨土，地上菩薩生處名淨，故《瑜伽論》說「世界無量有其二種，謂淨、不淨。清淨世界中，無那落伽、傍生、餓鬼，亦無欲界、色無色界，純菩薩眾於中止住，是故說名清淨世界。已入第三地菩薩，由願力故於彼受生，無有異生及非異生聲聞獨覺。」解云：此第三地既名淨意樂，即是歡喜地，以約七地辨故。四約退不退，謂入十住已去不退位三賢菩薩生處名為淨土，於中亦有四果二乘等，如阿彌陀土，生彼皆住正定等；堪任已還輕毛退位，三聚眾生共生之處，不名淨土。此四對八義中，初約果唯淨、後約退唯染、中間相形皆通染淨。二約法四句者，或唯淨，謂於上四門中形取淨故、退位所居自性淨故。或唯染，謂四門中相形取染故、佛果隨緣約機說故，《起信論》中名隨染業幻所作也。或俱，由前二義不相離故。或俱非，以二義互融非定一故、二相盡故。一乘亦二：初約類中，初類染、後類淨、中類通二。二約法中，或俱淨，以即佛故；或俱染，即眾生故；或具二，由前二義不相離故；或不俱，以二相融二相盡故。上三類中，一一皆具此四句，准思知之。 > Fourth, regarding defilement and purity: according to the Hīnayāna, it is exclusively defiled. In the Three Vehicles there are two \[perspectives\]: first, in terms of stages; second, in terms of dharmas. > In the first, there are four pairs demonstrating its defilement and purity: > First, in terms of cause and effect: the lands inhabited by bodhisattvas from the vajra\[-samādhi\] downward are called 'retributive effect lands' and are not called pure lands, because faults have not yet been exhausted. Only the single Buddha has entirely eradicated latent dispositions and habits, and what he inhabits is called 'pure.' Hence the Benevolent Kings Sūtra says: 'The three grades of the worthy and the ten classes of the noble abide in retributive effect; only the single Buddha resides in the pure land.' > Second, in terms of being exclusively or not exclusively \[transcending\]: the lands inhabited by bodhisattvas from the eighth bhūmi and above receive the name 'pure land,' because they have exclusively transcended the matters of the three realms, and because they are fully endowed with the four meanings of 'exclusive'—namely, exclusively pure, exclusively blissful, exclusively flawless, and exclusively sovereign. Those from the seventh bhūmi downward are not yet called pure lands, because they have not exclusively transcended the three realms. Even if they transcend them by the power of vows, the four meanings of 'exclusive' are not complete, because their uncontaminated contemplative wisdom has interruptions and thus is not flawless, etc.; this is distinguished according to the Mahāyānasaṃgraha. > Third, in terms of pure and mixed: places where ordinary beings and the two vehicles dwell together in a mixed manner are not called pure lands; the places where bodhisattvas on the bhūmis take birth are called pure. Hence the Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra states: 'The boundless worlds are of two kinds: namely, pure and impure. In pure worlds, there are no hell-beings, animals, or hungry ghosts, nor is there a desire realm, form realm, or formless realm; only a congregation of pure bodhisattvas dwells therein, and thus it is named a pure world. Bodhisattvas who have already entered the third bhūmi are born there through the power of vows, and there are no ordinary beings or non-ordinary being śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas.' It is explained: since this 'third bhūmi' is named 'pure intention' (śuddhādhyāśaya), it is indeed the Joyful Bhūmi (Pramuditā-bhūmi), because it is distinguished in terms of the seven bhūmis. > Fourth, in terms of retrogression and non-retrogression: the places of birth for bodhisattvas among the three grades of the worthy who have entered the ten abodes and above into the stage of non-retrogression are named pure lands, within which there are also the four fruits, the two vehicles, and so forth, as in the land of Amitābha, where all who are born there abide in the definitely assured state, etc. Places where beings from the stage of retrogression like light feathers, downward from \[the stage of\] suitability, and the three categories of sentient beings are born together, are not called pure lands. > Among these four pairs and eight meanings, the first is exclusively pure in terms of the effect; the last is exclusively defiled in terms of retrogression; and those in the middle, when contrasted, all admit of both defilement and purity. > Second, in terms of the four propositions regarding dharmas: either it is exclusively pure, because in contrast with the four gates above one takes it as pure, and what is inhabited by those in retrogressive stages is pure in its self-nature; or it is exclusively defiled, because in contrast among the four gates one takes it as defiled, and the Buddha-fruit is taught in accord with conditions and capacities, which the Awakening of Faith calls 'that which is produced through the illusion of following defiled karma'; or it is both, because the preceding two meanings are not separated from each other; or it is neither, because the two meanings mutually interpenetrate and are not definitively one, and because the two characteristics are exhausted. > In the One Vehicle there are also two \[perspectives\]: first, in terms of categories, the first category is defiled, the later category is pure, and the middle category admits of both. Second, in terms of dharmas: either both are pure, because it is identical with the Buddha; or both are defiled, because it is identical with sentient beings; or it possesses both, because the preceding two meanings are not separated; or it possesses neither, because the two characteristics interpenetrate and the two characteristics are exhausted. In each of the three categories above, every single one possesses these four propositions; this can be known by inference. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 3.55](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1733.3.55) - [Next: 3.57](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1733.3.57) - [Up: 3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1733.3) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1733~en-mt.3.56) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1733.3.56](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1733.3.56) · Pramāṇa