[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [大方廣佛華嚴經疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1735) › 1.32 # 大方廣佛華嚴經疏 1.32 大方廣佛華嚴經疏 1.32 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [1.32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1735.1.32) 第三阿毘達磨藏，阿毘名對，達磨云法。法有二種，一勝義法，謂即涅槃，是善是常，故名為勝。二法相法，通四聖諦。相者，性也、狀也，二俱名相。法既有二，對亦二義：一者對向，謂向前涅槃；二者對觀，觀前四諦。其能對者皆無漏淨慧及相應心所等，由對果、對境，分二對名故。慧但是對而非是法，非所對故。言對法者，法之對故，故對法藏特名慧論，舊譯為無比法，以詮慧勝故。世親《攝論》云「阿毘達磨有四義，謂對故、數故、伏故、通故。」對義同前。數者，於一一法，數數宣說訓釋言辭，自共相等無量差別故。伏者，由此具足論處所等，能勝伏他論故。通者，此能通釋素怛纜義故。亦名優婆提含，此云論義；亦名磨怛理迦，此云本母，謂以教與義為本為母。亦云依藏生解，藏為解母，本即是母。亦名摩夷，此云行母，依藏成行故、行之母故。 > Third, the abhidharma collection. Abhi means "facing" (dui), and dharma means "phenomena" or "teaching" (fa). Dharmas are of two kinds: first, ultimate dharmas, namely nirvāṇa, which is good and permanent, and hence called ultimate; second, mark dharmas, which encompass the four noble truths. "Marks" means natures and characteristics; both are called marks. Since dharmas are of two kinds, "facing" also has two meanings: first, facing toward, meaning heading toward the aforementioned nirvāṇa; second, facing in contemplation, contemplating the aforementioned four truths. That which is capable of facing is always uncontaminated pure wisdom and its associated mental factors, etc.; through facing the fruit and facing the object, two meanings of "facing" are distinguished. Wisdom is merely that which faces and is not the dharma, because it is not that which is faced. "Facing dharmas" (abhidharma) means the facing of dharmas; hence the abhidharma collection is specifically named the treatise on wisdom. The older translation was "incomparable dharmas" (wubi fa), because it expounds the excellence of wisdom. Vasubandhu's Commentary on the Mahāyānasaṃgraha states: "Abhidharma has four meanings: namely, facing, enumerating, subduing, and penetrating." The meaning of facing is the same as above. Enumerating means repeatedly explaining, interpreting words, and detailing the innumerable distinctions of self-nature and common characteristics for each and every dharma. Subduing means that because this treatise is fully equipped with loci of debate and so on, it can overcome and subdue the treatises of others. Penetrating means that this can thoroughly explain the meanings of the sūtras. It is also called upadeśa, which here means "discussion/commentary"; it is also called mātṛkā, which here means "matrix/original mother" (benmu), meaning that it serves as the foundation and mother for the teachings and their meanings. It is also said that understanding arises in dependence on the collection, and the collection is the mother of understanding; the foundation is itself the mother. It is also called mayi, which here means "mother of practice," because practice is accomplished in dependence on the collection; it is the mother of practice. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 1.31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1735.1.31) - [Next: 1.33](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1735.1.33) - [Up: 1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1735.1) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1735~en-mt.1.32) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1735.1.32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1735.1.32) · Pramāṇa