[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [大方廣佛華嚴經隨疏演義鈔](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1736) › 70.47 # 大方廣佛華嚴經隨疏演義鈔 70.47 大方廣佛華嚴經隨疏演義鈔 70.47 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [70.47](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1736.70.47) 疏「二作業時」者，此句論文。從「釋經作字」下，疏釋通三業也。言決定思者，即是意業，至決定思方成業道，能招報故。言「若在身語」下，辨餘二業。「成唯識」下，引論證成。彼論第一廣破外宗表無表色竟，小乘引經問言：「世尊經中說有三業。撥身語意，豈不違經？」故論答云「不撥為無，但言非色。能動身思說名身業，能發語思說名語業。審決二思，意相應故、動作意故，說名意業。」釋曰：此出三業體。然思有三種：一審慮思、二決定思、三動發思。然初二思是發身語遠近加行。然發動思正發身語，即二業體。然初二思與意俱故、作動意故，名為意業。故總以思為三業體。釋曰：故意業中要具二思方成業道，如上已明。今約成業，但云決定，故晉經云「分別不可分別相」。 > Regarding the commentary's "Second, the time of performing the action": this line is the text of the treatise. From "Explaining the word 'action' in the sūtra" downwards, the commentary explains that it applies to the three karmas. Volition of decision is itself mental karma; only upon reaching the volition of decision is the course of karma completed and capable of bringing about retribution. The phrase "If in body and speech" downwards distinguishes the other two karmas. From "Cheng weishi" downwards, the treatise is cited to establish and verify. Fascicle 1 of that treatise extensively refutes the external schools' manifest and unmanifest form, and afterwards the Hīnayāna cites a sūtra to question: "The World-Honoured One taught in the sūtras that there are three karmas. In denying body, speech, and mind, does this not contradict the sūtras?" Therefore the treatise answers: "We do not deny them as non-existent; we only say they are not form. The volition that can move the body is called bodily karma; the volition that can produce speech is called vocal karma. Because the two volitions of deliberation and decision are associated with the mind and actuate the mind, they are called mental karma." Explanation: this sets forth the substances of the three karmas. Now volition has three kinds: first, deliberating volition; second, deciding volition; third, actuating volition. The first two volitions are the remote and proximate preparations that produce body and speech. Actuating volition directly produces body and speech, and is the substance of those two karmas. Because the first two volitions accompany the mind and actuate the mind, they are called mental karma. Therefore, volition is taken collectively as the substance of the three karmas. Explanation: hence within mental karma, both volitions must be present for the course of karma to be completed, as clarified above. Now, in terms of completing karma, one merely speaks of decision; hence the Jin translation of the sūtra says: "distinguishing the characteristics that cannot be distinguished." > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 70.46](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1736.70.46) - [Next: 70.48](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1736.70.48) - [Up: 70](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1736.70) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1736~en-mt.70.47) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1736.70.47](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1736.70.47) · Pramāṇa