[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [勝鬘寶窟](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1744) › 2.60 # 勝鬘寶窟 2.60 勝鬘寶窟 2.60 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.60](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1744.2.60) 「世尊阿羅漢」下。上來別明羅漢辟支不得四智，此下總明其不得所以。又上來別明羅漢不得四智，今明不得四種功德。所以然者，恐物但言羅漢不得四智、得諸功德，是故今明非但不得四智，亦不得四智之外四種功德，故有此章來也。就明不得四智功德中有四。言其四者，一斷過有餘；二「以不斷」下，明三事有餘；三「以成就」下，知諦有餘；四「名得少分」下，得涅槃有餘。此四次第者，初接上無漏不盡即是無明住地，故前明斷過有餘。以不斷無明故，但得有餘解脫，故次明三事有餘。以三事有餘，但知有餘四諦，故明知諦有餘。四諦為歸涅槃，故明涅槃有餘。又四中，初一明二乘人有餘過不淨；第二不成一切功德；第三不成無量功德，以不能觀無量諦故；第四不成不思議功德，不能即寂而常用故。具此四義，故二乘人不得四智。與《涅槃》中四義相似。初中有二：一彰二乘及後身菩薩，為無明覆故，不能證見諸法；二「不知見」下，顯不能證見，故不能除障。羅漢辟支後身菩薩為無明所覆，是障也。「羅漢辟支後身菩薩」者，舉被覆人也。菩薩之人，於最後生未成佛前，名最後。此等皆為無明所覆。最後既覆，餘不待言也。問：正應言二乘不得四智，為無明覆。何故舉菩薩也？答：舉菩薩顯二乘被覆深重。宗師通以變易望分段為最後身，馥師且爾。此意不局補處為最後身也。「於彼彼法不知不覺」，是無治也。如來藏中恒沙佛法，是彼彼法。是無明覆，故不知不覺。羅漢辟支全不斷故，一向不解，名為不知；後身菩薩雖斷未盡，不得同佛圓覺，故云不覺。「以不知見故」者，以不證見，故不能除障。亦是無治有障，以不知見，是無治也。不見，由是前之不覺。「所應斷者不斷不究竟」者，是有障也。二乘不知，是故不能分斷；後身不見，顯後身雖斷不盡，故不究竟。 > From the passage beginning "World-Honoured One, the arhats..." onward: above, it was specifically explained that arhats and pratyekabuddhas do not attain the four wisdoms; below, it generally explains the reason why they do not attain them. Furthermore, above it was specifically explained that arhats do not attain the four wisdoms; now it explains that they do not attain the four kinds of merits. Why so? Lest beings say only that arhats do not attain the four wisdoms yet attain all the merits, it is therefore explained now that they not only fail to attain the four wisdoms, but also fail to attain the four kinds of merits apart from the four wisdoms; hence this section follows. In explaining that they do not attain the merits of the four wisdoms, there are four points: first, having a remainder in severing faults; second, from "Because they do not sever..." onward, having a remainder in the three matters; third, from "Because they accomplish..." onward, having a remainder in knowing the truths; fourth, from "Termed attaining a minor portion..." onward, having a remainder in attaining nirvāṇa. As for the sequence of these four: first, directly continuing the above statement that the inexhaustion of the outflowless is precisely the stage of ignorance, it first explains having a remainder in severing faults. Because they do not sever ignorance, they only attain a liberation with remainder; hence next it explains having a remainder in the three matters. Because they have a remainder in the three matters, they only know the four truths with remainder; hence it explains having a remainder in knowing the truths. The four truths have nirvāṇa as their destination; hence it explains having a remainder in nirvāṇa. Moreover, among these four, the first explains that practitioners of the two vehicles have remaining faults that are not purified; the second \[explains that\] they do not accomplish all merits; the third \[explains that\] they do not accomplish immeasurable merits, because they cannot contemplate the immeasurable truths; the fourth \[explains that\] they do not accomplish inconceivable merits, because they cannot act constantly while remaining quiescent. Endowed with these four aspects, practitioners of the two vehicles do not attain the four wisdoms. These are similar to the four aspects in the \*Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra\*. In the first, there are two parts: first, revealing that the two vehicles and bodhisattvas of their final body, because they are obscured by ignorance, cannot realize and see all phenomena; second, from "Because they neither know nor see..." onward, showing that because they cannot realize and see them, they cannot eliminate the obstacles. Arhats, pratyekabuddhas, and bodhisattvas of their final body being obscured by ignorance is the obstacle. "Arhats, pratyekabuddhas, and bodhisattvas of their final body" adduces the persons who are obscured. Bodhisattvas in their final birth, before attaining buddhahood, are termed "the final \[body\]". All these are obscured by ignorance. Since even those in their final \[body\] are obscured, the others need hardly be mentioned. Question: It should properly be said that the two vehicles do not attain the four wisdoms because they are obscured by ignorance. Why adduce bodhisattvas? Answer: Bodhisattvas are adduced to reveal that the obscuration of the two vehicles is deep and severe. The lineage masters generally took the transformative body as the final body in contrast to the partitioned body; Master Fu held this view for the time being. This meaning is not restricted to those in the position of one more birth being the final body. "They neither know nor perceive those various phenomena" is the absence of an antidote. The sands-of-the-Ganges buddha-dharmas within the tathāgatagarbha are "those various phenomena." Being obscured by ignorance, they neither know nor perceive them. Because arhats and pratyekabuddhas do not sever it at all, they completely fail to understand, which is termed "not knowing"; although bodhisattvas of their final body have severed it, it is not yet exhausted, and they cannot attain the same complete awakening as the Buddha, hence it is said they "do not perceive." "Because they neither know nor see" means that because they do not realize and see, they cannot eliminate the obstacles. This also means having an obstacle and lacking an antidote: "because they neither know nor see" is the absence of an antidote. "Not seeing" is due to the preceding "not perceiving." "What should be severed is not severed and not brought to completion" is having an obstacle. The two vehicles do not know, and therefore cannot sever it even in part; the final body does not see, which shows that although the final body has severed \[part of it\], it is not exhausted, and thus it is "not brought to completion." > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.59](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1744.2.59) - [Next: 2.61](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1744.2.61) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1744.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1744~en-mt.2.60) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1744.2.60](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1744.2.60) · Pramāṇa