[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [觀無量壽佛經義疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1754) › 3.131 # 觀無量壽佛經義疏 3.131 觀無量壽佛經義疏 3.131 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [3.131](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1754.3.131) 「『是為雜想觀，名第十三觀。』」三聖不同，大小有異，故云雜想也。十四已下，三種觀彼徒眾。三輩九品並所觀境，因明生相，人多惑之。今謂文中所敘並是已生彼國之人，當本修因感果之相，以為三種近觀之境。又云為令識位有上中下，即是《大本》三品也。今謂《大本》三品皆標發菩提心，可對今經上三品耳。中下二品則非所對，況復因行與今全別，尋經校之方知不爾。今明上三品，即彼菩薩眾也；中三品，即彼聲聞眾也；下三品，即彼人民眾也。三輩九品攝盡彼方聖凡之眾。又復三輩各分高下，如後具明。第十四、上輩，有五：一、發菩提心，大乘心也；二、解第一義，大乘解也；三、修行諸行，大乘行也；四、深信因果，大乘信也；五、迴向往生，大乘願也。如此五法，上三品中出沒互見。上品上生具五，經明三心三行是也。上品中生有四，唯缺大行，經云「善解義趣」是也。上品下生有三，缺於解、行，經云「但發無上道心」是也。若無第一不為上品，若無四五即不往生，故上三品即攝補處不退初心諸大菩薩也。第十四、上輩，三：初、上品上生；二、上品中生；三、上品下生。初、上品上生，三：初、標；二、釋；三、結。初、標。 > "‘This is the contemplation of mixed thoughts, named the thirteenth contemplation.’" The three sages are not the same, and the large and small differ; hence it is called "mixed thoughts." From the fourteenth downward, there are three contemplations of his retinue. The three ranks and nine grades are all the objects contemplated. Because they explain the characteristics of being born there, many people are confused about them. I now say that what is recounted in the text are all people who have already been born in that land, showing the signs of having achieved the fruit in accordance with the causes originally cultivated, which serve as the proximate objects for the three kinds of contemplation. It also says that in order to make people recognise that the stations have upper, middle, and lower levels, these are the three grades of the Larger Sūtra. I now say that all three grades of the Larger Sūtra are marked by the arousal of the bodhicitta, and can only correspond to the upper three grades of the present sūtra. The middle and lower grades do not correspond to them; furthermore, their causal practices are completely different from those of the present sūtra, and only by examining and comparing the sūtras does one know it is not so. Now, to explain: the upper three grades are his bodhisattva assembly; the middle three grades are his śrāvaka assembly; and the lower three grades are his assembly of humans and gods. The three ranks and nine grades encompass all the assembly of sages and ordinary beings of that realm. Furthermore, each of the three ranks is divided into higher and lower, as will be fully explained below. Fourteenth, the highest rank has five \[aspects\]: first, arousing the bodhicitta, which is the Mahāyāna mind; second, understanding the supreme truth, which is Mahāyāna understanding; third, practicing the various practices, which is Mahāyāna practice; fourth, having deep faith in cause and effect, which is Mahāyāna faith; and fifth, dedicating \[merit\] toward rebirth, which is the Mahāyāna vow. These five dharmas appear or do not appear in the upper three grades alternately. The highest level of the highest rank is endowed with all five: the sūtra's explanation of the three minds and three practices is precisely this. The middle level of the highest rank has four, lacking only the great practice: the sūtra's saying "well understands the meaning and principles" is this. The lowest level of the highest rank has three, lacking understanding and practice: the sūtra's saying "merely arousing the unsurpassed bodhicitta" is this. If one lacks the first, one does not belong to the highest rank; if one lacks the fourth and fifth, one is not reborn. Therefore, the upper three grades encompass all the great bodhisattvas—those in the stage of succeeding to Buddhahood in one lifetime, those of non-retrogression, and those of initial aspiration. Fourteenth, the highest rank has three \[parts\]: first, the highest level of the highest rank; second, the middle level of the highest rank; and third, the lowest level of the highest rank. First, the highest level of the highest rank has three \[parts\]: first, stating \[the topic\]; second, explaining it; and third, concluding. First, stating \[the topic\]. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 3.130](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1754.3.130) - [Next: 3.132](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1754.3.132) - [Up: 3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1754.3) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1754~en-mt.3.131) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1754.3.131](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1754.3.131) · Pramāṇa