[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [大般涅槃經集解](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1763) › 44.20 # 大般涅槃經集解 44.20 大般涅槃經集解 44.20 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [44.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1763.44.20) 案僧亮曰：第三門，明惡有下中上也。下者，謂彼怨我，我還以惡報也；中者，無恩於我，以惡加人也；上者，有恩於我，又加其惡。王是下惡也。僧宗曰：第五舉昔業緣起富羅山事。寶亮曰：第三明先王以宿業所招，非其創罪之始。 > Sengliang comments: The third approach explains that evil has lower, middling, and higher \[degrees\]. The lower refers to someone bearing a grudge against me, and my reciprocating with an evil retribution; the middling refers to someone having shown no kindness to me, yet I inflict evil upon them; the higher refers to someone having shown kindness to me, yet I inflict evil upon them. The king's \[action\] was lower evil. Sengzong says: The fifth adduces the conditions of past karma, bringing up the incident on Mount Vipula. Baoliang says: The third explains that the former king incurred this through past karma, and it was not the initial creation of sin on \[Ajātaśatru's\] part. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 44.19](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1763.44.19) - [Next: 44.21](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1763.44.21) - [Up: 44](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1763.44) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1763~en-mt.44.20) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1763.44.20](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1763.44.20) · Pramāṇa