[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [大般涅槃經集解](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1763) › 56.40 # 大般涅槃經集解 56.40 大般涅槃經集解 56.40 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [56.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1763.56.40) 案僧亮曰：上破正因，此下破緣因。將欲破故，先立正因有須緣因之義。虛空無果，故不假也。僧宗曰：第三翻，證有也。以定有故，須緣因為了耳。寶亮曰：以有正因，故須緣因；虛空無故，無此二因。故知有也。 > Sengliang comments: Above, he refuted the direct cause (upādāna-hetu); here below, he refutes the contributory cause (pratyaya-hetu). Intending to refute it, he first posits the premise that the direct cause requires a contributory cause. Space has no result, and thus does not rely upon one. Sengzong comments: This is the third turn, proving existence: because it definitely exists, it requires a contributory cause as an illuminating cause (vyañjaka-hetu). Baoliang comments: Because there is a direct cause, it requires a contributory cause; space lacks it, so it lacks these two causes. Therefore, we know it exists. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 56.39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1763.56.39) - [Next: 56.41](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1763.56.41) - [Up: 56](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1763.56) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1763~en-mt.56.40) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1763.56.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1763.56.40) · Pramāṇa