[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [大般涅槃經義記](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1764) › 10.32 # 大般涅槃經義記 10.32 大般涅槃經義記 10.32 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [10.32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1764.10.32) 上來第二問答重顯，自下第三乘明須陀利鈍差別。「須陀有二」總以標舉，「利鈍」列名。下辨其相，先辨鈍人，約生辨之。須陀極鈍，天上人中七返受生方得涅槃，少極二生，故今說言「人天七返」舉其極鈍。「復有五種」明餘五階。下別列之，六返至二是其五也。「利人現在獲得須陀至阿羅漢」辨其利人。問曰：一返何故不論？釋言：須陀具有八品，七返至一即為七品，現般為八。八中，七返至二定鈍，現般定利，文中具辨。一返不定，有人利根應得現般，以諸因緣現在不得，經生乃得，此則是利。有人鈍根，現在世中勤修不得，經生乃得，此即是鈍。利鈍不定，故隱不論。下次答其第四句問，先牒問詞、下對辨釋。「䱜魚有四」就喻舉數。「骨細輕」等就喻列名。下約顯法，「銜物堅」中，初約喻顯法，「如魔王」下引昔證成。 > The above was the second question-and-answer, which clarifies \[the meaning\] again; below, the third takes occasion to explain the distinction between sharp and dull faculties among srotāpannas. "Srotāpannas are of two kinds" presents the overall statement; "sharp and dull faculties" lists their names. Below, their characteristics are distinguished; first, those of dull faculties are distinguished, explaining them in terms of rebirths. Srotāpannas of extremely dull faculties undergo rebirth up to seven times in the heavens and among humans before attaining nirvāṇa; the least \[number of rebirths for dull ones\] is two rebirths. Therefore, it is now said that "they undergo seven returns among humans and devas," citing the most dull. "There are also five kinds" explains the remaining five stages. Below, they are listed separately: from six returns down to two are the five kinds. "Those of sharp faculties attain from srotāpanna up to arhat in the present life" distinguishes those of sharp faculties. Question: Why is one return not discussed? Explanation: Srotāpannas possess eight grades in total: from seven returns down to one constitutes seven grades, and parinirvāṇa in the present life is the eighth. Among the eight, from seven returns down to two are definitely dull, and parinirvāṇa in the present life is definitely sharp; these are fully distinguished in the text. One return is indeterminate: someone of sharp faculties who ought to attain parinirvāṇa in the present life may not attain it in the present life due to various conditions and only attains it after undergoing \[another\] life; this one is of sharp faculties. Someone of dull faculties who cultivates diligently in the present life and does not attain it, only attaining it after undergoing \[another\] life; this one is of dull faculties. Because sharp and dull faculties are indeterminate \[in this case\], it is omitted and not discussed. Next is the reply to the fourth sentence of the question. It first cites the words of the question, and below, distinguishes and explains them. "The \*makara\* fish has four \[qualities\]" cites the number based on the simile. "Its bones are slender and light," etc., lists the names based on the simile. Below, it reveals the Dharma by reference \[to the simile\]: in "it holds onto objects firmly," it first reveals the Dharma with reference to the simile; from "just like the Māra king" downward, it cites past events to corroborate it. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 10.31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1764.10.31) - [Next: 10.33](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1764.10.33) - [Up: 10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1764.10) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1764~en-mt.10.32) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1764.10.32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1764.10.32) · Pramāṇa