[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [大般涅槃經疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1767) › 1.39 # 大般涅槃經疏 1.39 大般涅槃經疏 1.39 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [1.39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1767.1.39) 初文者，內德無量，但歎三號者，欲明三事。初歎如來，允同諸佛，生其尊仰，是為世父。應供者，是上福田，能生善業，是為世主。正遍知者，能破疑滯生其智解，是為世師。故下文云「我等從今無主無親無所宗仰（云云）。」次外德者，外德無量，但舉四等者，欲明本父君師本時誓願皆具四等，今當利益拔苦與樂斯為要也。憐是大慈，憫是大悲，覆護是大喜，等視是大捨。次、「為作」下，結歎。為二：初為作歸依結三號、次為世間舍結四等。 > As for the first passage, internal virtues are immeasurable; praising only the three titles is because he wishes to elucidate three matters. First, praising the Tathāgata, as being completely identical with all buddhas, gives rise to their reverence, which is the father of the world. 'Worthy of Offerings' (Arhat) is the supreme field of merit, able to generate good karma, which is the lord of the world. 'Correct and Complete Knower' (Samyaksaṃbuddha) can destroy doubts and hindrances and generate their understanding of wisdom, which is the teacher of the world. Thus a lower passage says: 'From now on we have no lord, no kin, and nothing to look up to' (and so forth). Next, as for external virtues: external virtues are immeasurable; mentioning only the four equalities is because he wishes to elucidate that the original father, ruler, and teacher's original vows all fully possessed the four equalities; now bringing benefit, pulling out suffering and bestowing bliss, this is what is essential. Pity is great friendliness; compassion is great compassion; protection is great joy; regarding with impartiality is great equanimity. Next, from 'serving as...' onward is the concluding praise. It has two parts: first, 'serving as a refuge' concludes the three titles; second, 'serving as a dwelling for the world' concludes the four equalities. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 1.38](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1767.1.38) - [Next: 1.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1767.1.40) - [Up: 1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1767.1) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1767~en-mt.1.39) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1767.1.39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1767.1.39) · Pramāṇa