[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [維摩經略疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1778) › 1.104 # 維摩經略疏 1.104 維摩經略疏 1.104 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [1.104](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1778.1.104) 「大智本行」下，二別歎德，為三：一略歎自他德、二廣歎自他德、三隣果歎德。一、歎德，為二：一略歎自行、二略歎化他。自行又二：一正歎、二釋歎。初二句言正歎者，即是大智本行。解此或約一法、或約二法。約一法者，大智即是本行也。依本起智，智即是行，故言大智本行。故《法華》云「諸法從本來，常自寂滅相。佛子行道已，來世得作佛。」此經云「從無住本立一切法」。若南土舊解，多從八地約位帖釋；北方諸師，從初地約位帖釋；什師從下至上漸勝稱歎。解既不同，未敢偏用。何者？南方引威神建立文證，故知初歎八地。北方引七波羅蜜，證歎初地乃至七地。一往引證經文各便，若欲和通則碩乖違。但經文對地處處有之，未足定執謂為得稱集經者意。今謂一往多是歎上地之德，若歎上地自攝於下。何者？通論諸位行類是同，但上得勝品、下得劣品。今以勝攝劣，不可以上下各歎。如歎大智本行皆悉成就，金剛智滿始名成就，豈可歎下？如歎能師子吼乃如雷震，下地亦能有此演說，何獨歎上？故知分別互有所失。 > From "great wisdom and original practice" onward is, secondly, the specific praise of their virtues, divided into three: first, a brief praise of their virtues for self and others; second, an extensive praise of their virtues for self and others; and third, praise of their virtues adjacent to the fruit \[of Buddhahood\]. First, the praise of virtues has two parts: first, briefly praising their self-cultivation; and second, briefly praising their conversion of others. Self-cultivation also has two parts: first, the praise proper; and second, the explanation of the praise. The first two lines, as the praise proper, are: "great wisdom and original practice." Explaining this may be done according to one Dharma or according to two Dharmas. In terms of one Dharma: great wisdom is itself the original practice. Relying on the origin, wisdom arises; wisdom is itself practice; hence it says "great wisdom and original practice." Thus the Lotus Sūtra says: "All phenomena from their very origin / are eternally and naturally of the mark of quiescent extinction. / When the Buddha's disciples have practiced the path, / in a future age they will become buddhas." And this sūtra says: "From the origin of non-abiding all phenomena are established." If we follow the old interpretations of the South, they mostly interpret this by applying the stages from the eighth bhūmi onward. The masters of the North interpret it by applying the stages from the first bhūmi onward. Master Kumārajīva praised them as progressively superior from bottom to top. Since their interpretations are not identical, I dare not follow one exclusively. Why? The South cites the passage on "spiritual powers and establishment" as proof, hence knowing that the praise begins with the eighth bhūmi. The North cites the seven pāramitās as proof that it praises the first bhūmi up through the seventh bhūmi. At first glance, the cited scriptural passages are each convenient, but if one wishes to harmonize them, they diverge profoundly. Yet scriptural passages matched to bhūmis exist everywhere; one cannot rigidly cling to them and claim to have captured the compiler's intent. Now I maintain that, generally speaking, it mostly praises the virtues of the higher bhūmis, and if one praises the higher bhūmis, the lower ones are naturally subsumed. Why? Broadly speaking, the categories of practice throughout the various stages are identical, but the higher attain the superior grade and the lower attain the inferior grade. Now, taking the superior to subsume the inferior, one cannot praise the higher and the lower separately. Just as in praising "great wisdom and original practice are all fully perfected": only when vajra wisdom is fully realized is it called "perfected"—how could it praise the lower? Just as in praising the ability to roar the lion's roar like thunder: the lower bhūmis can also deliver this discourse, so why praise only the higher? Hence we know that these distinctions each have their drawbacks. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 1.103](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1778.1.103) - [Next: 1.105](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1778.1.105) - [Up: 1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1778.1) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1778~en-mt.1.104) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1778.1.104](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1778.1.104) · Pramāṇa