[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [維摩經略疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1778) › 5.30 # 維摩經略疏 5.30 維摩經略疏 5.30 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [5.30](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1778.5.30) 「我即於後敷演其義」，二、旃延廣說者，謂無常等五。言於後敷演者，佛為諸比丘總相說苦，或總相說五，正為得意令其進道，故不別相廣分別說，恐以乖機失正道意。旃延謂比丘不解，故於說後廣敷演之。敷者言開，演之言廣，重為開廣說五義也。又廣說有二種：一橫廣、二竪廣。一橫明者，歷於三界一一別說苦諦五義。二竪明者，約身邊二見四見六十二見一一分別說五行也。若常徒數師，雖細分別說於五義，只是橫廣不得入道，今一家置橫用竪以為入道。但旃延見有無入道，造《昆勒論》。論所明義，若說念處，即知四倒；說三毒，即知三聖行，說有即知無。今為諸比丘必依其論，約有無門縱容二邊廣說五義。但佛在世說無違諍，入門雖異得道是一，有所造論各述其門不說餘法，故《大經》明五百比丘各說身因，即其事也。旃延造論，若不善通三藏四門分別無滯，其論焉得傳南天竺？《毘曇》有門乃至非空非有門各明五義，四門明義具在玄文。細推於經，四種五義宛然可見，具出事繁。 > "I immediately afterwards elaborated on its meanings" is the second \[part\], Kātyāyana's broad exposition, referring to impermanence and the other five. "Afterwards elaborated": the Buddha explained suffering in its general characteristic for the monks, or explained the five in their general characteristic, precisely in order that they grasp the meaning and advance on the Way, so he did not explain them broadly in specific characteristics, fearing that going against their capacities would cause them to lose the intention of the correct path. Kātyāyana thought the monks did not understand, so after the preaching he broadly elaborated on them. "Elaborated" (fū) means to open; "expanded" (yǎn) means to broaden; he repeatedly opened and broadened the explanation of the five meanings. Furthermore, broad exposition has two kinds: first, horizontal breadth; second, vertical breadth. First, explaining horizontally means traversing the three realms to explain each of the five meanings of the truth of suffering separately. Second, explaining vertically means explaining the five practices individually with respect to the two views of body and extremes, the four views, and the sixty-two views. While ordinary masters of Abhidharma make fine distinctions in explaining the five meanings, this is merely horizontal breadth and cannot attain entry into the Way; our lineage sets aside the horizontal and uses the vertical to effect entry into the Way. But Kātyāyana entered the Way through seeing existence and non-existence, and composed the \*Kǒnlè lùn\*. As for the meaning clarified in that treatise: if one speaks of the applications of mindfulness, one thereby knows the four inversions; if one speaks of the three poisons, one thereby knows the three noble practices; if one speaks of existence, one thereby knows non-existence. Now, in speaking to the monks, he must have relied on his treatise, following the gates of existence and non-existence to accommodate both extremes and broadly explain the five meanings. However, when the Buddha was in the world, what he preached was without dispute; though the entry gates differed, the attainment of the Way was one. When composing treatises, each recounted his own gate without speaking of other teachings; thus the \*Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra\* explains that five hundred monks each spoke of the cause of the body, which is just this matter. When Kātyāyana composed his treatise, had he not skillfully penetrated the four gates of the Tripiṭaka and made distinctions without obstruction, how could his treatise have been transmitted to South India? The Abhidharma's gate of existence down to the gate of neither emptiness nor existence each clarify the five meanings; the four gates' clarification of the meanings is fully set forth in the \*Xuánwén\*. If one closely examines the sūtra, the four kinds of five meanings are clearly evident; setting them forth in full would be too cumbersome. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 5.29](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1778.5.29) - [Next: 5.31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1778.5.31) - [Up: 5](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1778.5) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1778~en-mt.5.30) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1778.5.30](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1778.5.30) · Pramāṇa