[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [維摩經略疏垂裕記](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1779) › 4.31 # 維摩經略疏垂裕記 4.31 維摩經略疏垂裕記 4.31 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [4.31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1779.4.31) 二、依章釋義，三：初、明〈方便〉次〈佛國〉來，二：初、正明，二：初、明如來親談上根受道。「前於普集」等者，荊溪云，此經宗異，體與彼同，故亦真性而為其體。所以還用前經體者，《法華》獨顯尚與一切大乘同體，況俱兼帶，體同何爽？然但須以宗對簡之。故云體是宗家之體，宗是體家之宗，體為所取、宗是能取，故將今經以望普集依正正自分，故使法華一乘因果宗之所取不同諸經。此經乃是佛國因果宗之所取，故使體家之宗永異諸說。以體望宗同而且異，以宗望體異而復同，深得此意可以判諸教、可以會諸部。今為迷者依正各論，其明了者豈聞正報而昧於依？故今明依，應須重述，故於下文問答簡出其旨。又復應知，聞前普集及聞佛國得開悟者雖有前後，今望〈方便〉通名上根，〈方便〉已去名中名下。上根則利，中下則鈍，乃至傳為利鈍。二、「為未」下，淨名開獎中下獲悟，二：初、正明受益。「為未曉」者，即中下根。「令離諸緣集」者，荊溪云：總語諸緣集也。二、「若淨」下，感果來生。 > Second, explaining the meaning according to the sections, in three parts: first, explaining how 'Expedient Means' follows 'Buddha Lands', in two parts: first, correctly explaining, in two parts: first, explaining the Tathāgata personally speaking and those of superior capacity receiving the Way. Regarding 'Previously at the Universal Assembly' and so forth, Jingxi says: The central theme of this sūtra is distinct, while its substance is identical with that \[former sūtra\]; therefore, true nature also serves as its substance. As for the reason why it still uses the substance of the previous sūtra: the \*Lotus Sūtra\*'s exclusive manifestation is still of the same substance as all Mahāyāna, let alone those that are both concurrent and inclusive—how could the substance being identical be amiss? However, one must only differentiate them by contrasting them with the central theme. Hence it is said: the substance is the substance of the central theme, and the central theme is the central theme of the substance; the substance is that which is grasped, and the central theme is that which grasps. Therefore, comparing the present sūtra with the Universal Assembly, circumstantial and direct \[rewards\] are naturally divided; thus the cause and effect of the One Vehicle grasped as the central theme of the \*Lotus Sūtra\* is different from other sūtras. This sūtra takes the causes and effects of Buddha-lands as that which is grasped by its central theme; thus the central theme belonging to the substance differs eternally from other expositions. Viewing the central theme from the substance, they are identical and yet different; viewing the substance from the central theme, they are different and yet identical. Deeply grasping this intention, one can classify the various teachings and harmonize the various divisions. Now, for the confused, circumstantial and direct \[rewards\] are discussed separately; for those who are clear-sighted, would they hear of direct reward and be blind to circumstantial \[reward\]? Therefore, clarifying circumstantial \[reward\] now must be restated; hence the questions and answers below sort out and draw forth this purport. Furthermore, one should know: although there is an earlier and later among those who attained awakening upon hearing the previous Universal Assembly and hearing of the Buddha-lands, looking back from 'Expedient Means', they are collectively called those of superior capacity, and from 'Expedient Means' onward are called those of middling and lower capacity. The superior capacity is sharp, while the middling and lower are dull, and they are handed down as sharp and dull accordingly. Second, under 'For those who have not yet...', Jingming encourages and guides the middling and lower to obtain awakening, in two parts: first, correctly explaining the reception of benefit. 'For those who have not yet understood' means those of middling and lower capacity. Regarding 'causing them to leave all agglomerations', Jingxi says: This speaks generally of all agglomerations. Second, under 'If pure...', bringing about the fruit to come to birth. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 4.30](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1779.4.30) - [Next: 4.32](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1779.4.32) - [Up: 4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1779.4) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1779~en-mt.4.31) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1779.4.31](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1779.4.31) · Pramāṇa