[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [維摩經略疏垂裕記](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1779) › 4.40 # 維摩經略疏垂裕記 4.40 維摩經略疏垂裕記 4.40 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [4.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1779.4.40) 二、「此三」下，結名示義，二：初、示密義。「無方利物」者，機熟則應，不定一方，故曰無方。《周易》曰「神無方，易無體」，孔穎達解云「不定繫於一方也」。「莫測其本」者，但見三業施為，莫測所證宗極。此則見用不測其體，故以不測以解密義。即向荊溪云：他所不測，故名為密也。又荊溪云：密者，一一界中各具十，故不可以一界測、不可以多界測，即名為密。二、「亦名」下，結異名。聖人三業既得名密，更約功用立四異名，名輪、名無失、名不護、名隨智慧。度他摧惑喻之以輪，既無過失不須防護，愚惑已盡故隨智行。 > Second, from "these three" onward, concluding with the names and showing their meaning, which has two \[parts\]: first, showing the meaning of "secret." Regarding "benefiting beings without fixed direction": when their capacities mature, an encounter responds without being fixed to one direction; hence it is said to be "without fixed direction." The Book of Changes says: "Spirits have no fixed direction, and the Changes has no body." Kong Yingda explains it saying: "It is not fixedly tied to a single direction." Regarding "no one can fathom their source": one merely sees the actions of the three karmas, but cannot fathom the ultimate source that has been realized. This is seeing the function without fathoming the essence; hence "unfathomable" is used to explain the meaning of "secret." This refers to what Jingxi previously said: "Being unfathomable to others, it is therefore called secret." Furthermore, Jingxi says: "As for secret, because each single realm intrinsically possesses all ten, it cannot be fathomed through a single realm, nor can it be fathomed through multiple realms; this is what is called secret." Second, from "also called" onward, concluding with the alternative names. Since the three karmas of the sage have received the name "secret," four alternative names are further established based on their functions: named "wheel," named "without fault," named "unguarded," and named "conforming to wisdom." Delivering others and shattering delusions is likened to a wheel; since there are no errors, there is no need for protective guard; and because folly and delusions are already exhausted, one acts conforming to wisdom. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 4.39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1779.4.39) - [Next: 4.41](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1779.4.41) - [Up: 4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1779.4) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1779~en-mt.4.40) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1779.4.40](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1779.4.40) · Pramāṇa