[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [金光明經玄義](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1783) › 1.37 # 金光明經玄義 1.37 金光明經玄義 1.37 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [1.37](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1783.1.37) 料簡三道者，問，界內可有十二輪轉三道迷惑，界外復云何？答：《寶性論》云「生界外有四種障，謂緣、相、生、壞。」緣即無明為行作緣，即煩惱道也。相即結業，即業道也。生即名色等，是苦之初；壞即老死，是苦之終，即苦道也。有此四障障於四德，緣障淨、相障我、生障樂、壞障常。四障破，四德顯也。 > In differentiating the three paths: Question: Within the three realms there can be the twelvefold wheel of rebirth, the delusion of the three paths; how is it outside the realms? Answer: The Ratnagotravibhāga states: 'Birth outside the realms has four kinds of obstacles, namely: conditions, characteristics, birth, and destruction.' 'Conditions' means avidyā acting as condition for conditioning dispositions, which is the path of afflictions. 'Characteristics' means the karma of defilement, which is the path of karma. 'Birth' means name-and-form and so forth, which is the beginning of suffering; 'destruction' means old age and death, which is the end of suffering, representing the path of suffering. These four obstacles obstruct the four virtues: conditions obstruct purity, characteristics obstruct self, birth obstructs bliss, and destruction obstructs permanence. When the four obstacles are destroyed, the four virtues become manifest. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 1.36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1783.1.36) - [Next: 1.38](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1783.1.38) - [Up: 1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1783.1) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1783~en-mt.1.37) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1783.1.37](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1783.1.37) · Pramāṇa