[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [金光明經文句記](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1786) › 6.35 # 金光明經文句記 6.35 金光明經文句記 6.35 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [6.35](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1786.6.35) 二、依佛法。一歲三時，以四月為一時也。何故沒秋時耶？「為破」下，凡有二：一、為破常計；二、為開迦提。以秋是收成，物皆結實，易起保著，故不言秋。為開安居者，為後安居人續結，令成為前安居人，開迦提月也。律中有三種安居，謂前、中、後也。四月十六日是前安居，十七以去至五月十五日名中安居，五月十六是後安居。若四月十六日結者，至七月十五日夜分盡名夏竟。至明相出十六日後，至八月十五日以來，名迦提月。《明了論》云「本言迦絺羅，為存略故，但云迦提。此翻功德衣。以前安居人坐夏有功，五利賞德，律中受此衣故。一畜長財、二離衣宿、三背請、四別眾食、五食前後至他家。」《西域記》以迦提翻昴星，以昴星直此月故。於昴星月中得受功德衣故，是知若不沒秋中後安居，不名坐夏，以後安居人至八月十五方解故。 > Second, relying on Buddhist methods. In one year there are three seasons, taking four months as one season. Why is the autumn season omitted? From "in order to break" downward, there are two points in all: first, in order to break the view of permanence; second, in order to inaugurate the kāthina. Because autumn is the harvest when all things bear fruit and it is easy to generate attachment, autumn is not spoken of. Inaugurating the retreat means that for the practitioners of the later retreat, it continues the binding to bring about its completion, and for practitioners of the earlier retreat, it inaugurates the month of kāthina. In the Vinaya there are three kinds of retreats: namely earlier, middle, and later. The sixteenth day of the fourth month is the earlier retreat; from the seventeenth up to the fifteenth day of the fifth month is called the middle retreat; the sixteenth day of the fifth month is the later retreat. If bound on the sixteenth day of the fourth month, when the night portion of the fifteenth day of the seventh month is exhausted, it is called the end of summer. When the sign of dawn emerges after the sixteenth day up until the fifteenth day of the eighth month, this is called the month of kāthina. The Vinayavibhāṣā says: "Originally it was called kāthina; for the sake of brevity, it is just called kadi. Here it is translated as the robe of merits. Because practitioners of the earlier retreat who sat the summer have merit, five benefits reward their virtue, and this robe is received in the Vinaya: first, keeping surplus property; second, sleeping away from one's robes; third, dining apart upon separate invitation; fourth, eating separately from the community; fifth, going to another family's home before and after meals." The Western Regions Record translates kāthina as the Pleiades (Kṛttikā), because the Pleiades correspond to this month. Because one receives the robe of merits during the Pleiades month, we know that if autumn were not omitted, the middle and later retreats could not be called sitting the summer, since practitioners of the later retreat only conclude on the fifteenth day of the eighth month. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 6.34](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1786.6.34) - [Next: 6.36](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1786.6.36) - [Up: 6](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1786.6) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1786~en-mt.6.35) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1786.6.35](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1786.6.35) · Pramāṇa