[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804) › 1.536 # 四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 1.536 四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 1.536 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [1.536](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.1.536) 四明略說雜行。言略說者，若有八難餘緣，如說戒中明者，當量僧多少，難來遠近等。若僧多、時熱、處所迮狹、明相欲出等，當令五德於三五上座邊三說；已外眾僧，一說便止。或一人受兩人自恣者，互跪，須在中間，左右取之，並須一說，示令大眾聞知。律云：不得竊語自恣。今或兩五德，雙頭一時各自恣者，此是非法。律中一時自恣鬧亂，佛令一一次第，從上座自恣。《十誦》：應從上座自恣。不得逆作次第，及行行置人，如益食法；并超越、總唱等。《四分》：若賊等急難不可閑緩者，五德至上座前互跪白言：今有難事，不得一說；當作羯磨，各各三說。文云：「大德僧聽！若僧時到僧忍聽：僧今各各共三語自恣。白如是。」便各各相對，人別三說，文同前法。難事轉近，若欲再說、一說，亦須單白。以此自恣，不對五德，進不無由，故須羯磨，令眾同聞。不類前略，不須白告；以親對五德，多少量時，得自在故。《四分》六種略說，第六難事驚急，開直爾去。二明難事結小界，圓坐自恣，事既希少，故不出之。 > Fourth, explaining the abbreviated recitations and miscellaneous practices. As for "abbreviated recitation," if there are the eight perils or other circumstances, as explained under the upoṣadha recitation, one should assess the size of the saṃgha, how near or far the peril is, and so forth. If the saṃgha is numerous, the weather hot, the place cramped, the light of dawn about to break, etc., one should order the five-virtue \[monks\] to recite thrice beside three to five senior monks, while for the remaining saṃgha, one recitation suffices. Or, if one person receives the pravāraṇā of two persons, kneeling on one knee, he must be in the middle, receiving from the left and right, and both must recite once, making it audible to the assembly. The Vinaya states: One must not perform pravāraṇā by whispering. Nowadays, if two five-virtue \[monks\] each perform pravāraṇā simultaneously at both ends, this is against the Dharma. In the Vinaya, when pravāraṇā was performed simultaneously and caused clamor and confusion, the Buddha ordered it to be done one by one in sequence, starting from the senior monk. The Daśādhyāya-vinaya states: One should perform pravāraṇā starting from the senior monk. One must not perform it in reverse order, skip persons in rows like distributing food, leap over others, or make collective announcements. The Dharmaguptaka Vinaya states: If there is an urgent peril such as bandits that cannot be delayed, the five-virtue \[monks\] proceed before the senior monk, kneel on one knee, and announce: "Now there is a peril, so we cannot do even a single recitation; we must perform a karman so that each person recites thrice." The text says: "Let the venerable saṃgha listen! If the saṃgha's time has arrived, may the saṃgha consent: let the saṃgha now perform pravāraṇā mutually with three phrases each. This is the motion." Then facing each other individually, each person recites thrice, the wording being the same as the previous formula. If the peril draws even nearer, and one wishes to recite twice or once, a solitary motion is also required. Because this pravāraṇā is not performed before the five-virtue \[monks\], there is no basis for proceeding or stopping without it; thus a karman is required to inform the assembly. It is not like the previous abbreviation which does not require a formal announcement, because directly facing the five-virtue \[monks\], one can gauge the time whether long or short and has leeway. The Dharmaguptaka Vinaya has six kinds of abbreviated recitations; for the sixth, when the peril is startlingly urgent, it allows simply departing. Second, explaining the demarcation of a small boundary during perilous circumstances to perform pravāraṇā seated in a circle; since this matter is rare, it is not set forth here. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 1.535](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.1.535) - [Next: 1.537](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.1.537) - [Up: 1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.1) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804~en-mt.1.536) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (1) - [僧羯磨](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1809.1.229) — Classical Chinese --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.1.536](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.1.536) · Pramāṇa