[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804) › 2.16 # 四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 2.16 四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 2.16 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.2.16) 二者僧伽婆尸沙聚。《善見》云：僧伽者，為僧；婆者，為初，謂僧前與覆藏羯磨也；言尸沙者，云殘，謂末後與出罪羯磨也。若犯此罪，僧作法除故，從境立名。《婆沙》云：僧伽者，為僧，婆尸沙者，是殘。若犯此罪，垢纏行人，非全淨用。有殘之罪，由僧除滅故也。《四分》中，正明僧殘，便成上解；又云有餘，以行法不絕為名也。《毘尼母》云：僧殘者，如人為他所斫，殘有咽喉，故名為殘。理須早救。故戒律云：若犯此罪，應強與波利婆沙等，由隣重罪故也。若約其種，則有十三，僧如〈隨相〉；尼有十七，六異七同，廣如〈別說〉。《明了論》解：第二僧伽胝尸沙部，有五十二罪。諸部說此罪不同。此乃正量部，名有三義；薩婆多部稱僧伽婆尸沙，有一義與正量部同。解云：由戒、見、眾人和合，是僧伽義。由此二不同，不由定慧，佛所立戒，故言戒同；同一正見，故言見同。婆尸沙者，為殘；若犯此罪，僧中受房舍利養，上中下內，最在其外，故名為殘也。摩那埵者，翻為悅眾意；隨順僧教，咸懷歡喜。阿浮訶那者，翻為呼入眾也。正量部胝尸沙三義，初如前解。第二救義，謂由僧拔濟，得免此罪。三者勝義，向犯罪時，成下劣人；由僧拔濟，還得清淨，從劣得勝。 > The second is the saṃghāvaśeṣa category. The Samantapāsādikā states: saṃgha means the saṃgha; va means initial, referring to the saṃgha first giving the concealment karman; speaking of śeṣa, it means remainder, referring to giving the rehabilitation karman at the end. If one commits this offense, it is removed through the saṃgha's performing legal acts; therefore, the name is established from the object. The Vibhāṣā states: saṃgha means the saṃgha; vaśeṣa is remainder. If one commits this offense, defilement entangles the practitioner, and he cannot be entirely fit for pure use. Offenses with a remainder are eliminated and extinguished by the saṃgha. In the Dharmaguptaka Vinaya, it directly explains saṃghāvaśeṣa, which accomplishes the above explanation; it also says "having a remainder," naming it from the fact that his religious practice is not cut off. The Vinayamātṛkā states: saṃghāvaśeṣa is like a person who has been hacked by another, with only the throat remaining; hence it is called "remainder." In principle, one must rescue him early. Therefore the precepts and vinaya say: if one commits this offense, one should forcibly grant parivāsa and so forth, because it borders on the grave offenses. In terms of its types, there are thirteen; for monks, they are as in "Observing the Manifestations"; for nuns, there are seventeen, six different and seven the same, in detail as in the "Separate Explanations". The Vinayavibhāṣā explains: the second, the saṃghātiśeṣa division, has fifty-two offenses. The various schools explain this offense differently. This is of the Sammatīya school, where the name has three meanings; the Sarvāstivāda school calls it saṃghāvaśeṣa, which shares one meaning with the Sammatīya school. It explains: through the harmony of precepts, views, and the assembly of people, that is the meaning of saṃgha. Because of these two \[precepts and views\] being no different, not due to concentration and wisdom, the precepts established by the Buddha are why it says "precepts in common"; sharing the same right view is why it says "views in common." Vaśeṣa means remainder; if one commits this offense, when receiving lodgings and offerings within the saṃgha, among the superior, middling, and inferior, he is at the very outermost; hence it is called "remainder." Mānatva is translated as "gladdening the minds of the assembly"; according with the instructions of the saṃgha, all cherish joy. Āhvāna is translated as "calling into the assembly." The Sammatīya school's \[explanation of\] tiśeṣa has three meanings: the first is as explained previously; the second is the meaning of rescue, meaning that by being delivered by the saṃgha, one can escape this offense; the third is the meaning of superiority: when newly committing the offense, one becomes an inferior person; through being delivered by the saṃgha, one regains purity, going from inferior to superior. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.15](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.2.15) - [Next: 2.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.2.17) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804~en-mt.2.16) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (1) - [翻譯名義集](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2131.7.87) — 法雲, Classical Chinese --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.2.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.2.16) · Pramāṇa