[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804) › 2.230 # 四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 2.230 四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 2.230 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.230](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.2.230) 食殘宿戒三十八。三緣：一是殘宿，二知是，三食咽咽犯。律中殘宿食者，今日受已至明日；於一切沙門釋子受大戒者，皆不清淨。四藥以論，過限結罪如前戒。《善見》、《十誦》、《五分》：大比丘受食已，或食未食，經夜名殘宿。問：殘之與宿，為一為異？四句答之：一殘而非宿（且受四藥，不加口法過中），吉羅。二宿而非殘亦吉（謂未受食，或共同宿，吉；不宿不犯）。三亦殘亦宿，提。四非殘非宿可知。殘宿、內宿，亦作四句：一是殘宿非內宿（今日受食，安界外，不共宿，非內宿也），得墮。二是內非殘。三四俱句，類知。有云，淨地無內宿。文云除去比丘，故知有也。律中，殘宿、不受食戒，以坐禪比丘為緣起者，為防未來惡比丘故。內無道觀，煩惱未伏；妄倚道業，便輕聖戒。此乃心涉愛憎，大我未伐；故諸三乘道人，並不輕戒。以深伐我根，傾慢使幢；敬戒而增道業，可不欽尚之哉。 > Precept 38: Eating leftover overnight food. Three conditions: first, it is leftover overnight food; second, knowing it to be so; third, each swallow incurs an offense. In the Vinaya, leftover overnight food refers to that which was received today and kept until tomorrow; for all Śākya renunciants who have received the full precepts, it is impure. Discussing the four medicines, transgressing the limit incurs an offense as in the previous precept. The Samantapāsādikā, the Daśādhyāya-vinaya, and the Pañcavargika-vinaya state: When a fully ordained bhikṣu has received food, whether he has eaten of it or not, once the night passes it is called leftover overnight food. > Question: Are 'leftover' and 'overnight' the same or different? They are answered by the four alternatives: First, leftover but not overnight (if one has received the four medicines and without performing the verbal rite it passes midday), which incurs a duṣkṛta. Second, overnight but not leftover also incurs a duṣkṛta (meaning food not yet received, or kept overnight together, which is a duṣkṛta; if not kept overnight, there is no transgression). Third, both leftover and overnight, which incurs a pāyattika. Fourth, neither leftover nor overnight, as is obvious. > Leftover overnight and stored indoors also form four alternatives: First, leftover overnight but not stored indoors (food received today, kept outside the boundary, not stored together overnight, so it is not stored indoors), which incurs a pāyattika. Second, stored indoors but not leftover. The third and fourth alternatives may be known by analogy. Some say that on pure ground there is no storing indoors; but the text mentions excluding bhikṣus, so we know it exists. > In the Vinaya, the reason why the precepts against leftover overnight food and against taking unreceived food originated with meditating bhikṣus was to guard against evil bhikṣus of the future. Lacking internal contemplation of the Path, with afflictions not yet subdued, falsely relying on their spiritual work, they lightly dismissed the sacred precepts. This is because their minds were caught up in love and hate, and the great self was not yet cut down; therefore, practitioners of the three vehicles do not take the precepts lightly. Because they profoundly eradicate the root of the self and overthrow the banner of arrogance, revering the precepts to enhance spiritual practice, how could one not hold them in high esteem? > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.229](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.2.229) - [Next: 2.231](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.2.231) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804~en-mt.2.230) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (2) - [四分律](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.vinaya.other-vinayas.dharmaguptaka*zh-buddhayasas.14.66) — Classical Chinese - [四分律比丘含注戒本](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1806.2.361) — Classical Chinese --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.2.230](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.2.230) · Pramāṇa