[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804) › 3.318 # 四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 3.318 四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 3.318 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [3.318](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.3.318) 次明供給法。《五分》：無淨人處，聽比丘自洗燒器，著水，令人洮米著中，比丘然火使熟；更從淨人受，持與病人。《五百問云》：病比丘，山澤無人處，日中不得往還者，比丘得為作食七日；先淨米、受取，作之。《寶梁經》、《蘭若習禪經》廣明獨住患比丘法。《僧祇》：病人有九法成就，必橫死：一知非饒益食貪食，二不知籌量，三內食未消而食，四食未消而摘吐，五已消應出而強持，六食不隨病，七隨病食而不籌量，八懈怠，九無慧。又云：若病人，衣鉢外，有醫藥直者，取之供給；無者，眾僧應與；若僧無者，彼有貴價衣鉢，當貿賤者，供給病者。若病人惜衣鉢者，應白僧言：「此病人不知無常，慳惜衣鉢，不肯貿易。」白僧已，軟語說法，使得開解，然後為貿；若復無者，應外乞與之。若僧中，取好食與看病人。又不得愛惜自業，而不瞻視。《四分》：看病人五德，乃至為病人說法，令得歡喜；己身於善法不減，如〈衣法〉中。《善見》：若病無湯藥，得以華果飲食餉人，求易湯藥，不犯。餘如《僧祇》三十八卷中，廣明看病法及死法。《十誦》：當隨病人所須，問病因緣，覓師求藥；日到僧厨問，有病人食不？若無，取僧所供給庫中物；無者，當為外求，應從善好名聞福德比丘索。《五分》：每到行粥時，應問別有病人粥不？若無，應先與病人，然後行與僧也。《十誦》：病人得藥差者，但是佛僧中不淨、殘宿、惡捉、不受、內宿，並得服之。《善生經》：瞻病人不應生厭。若自無物，出求之；不得者，貸三寶物；差已，依法十倍償之。《五百問》云：看病人，將病人物，為病人供給所須；不問病者，或問，起嫌，並不得用；若已取者，應償；不還，犯重。比丘病困，不得闕三衣鉢而作福德，若不即有故弊衣鉢受持者，犯墮。《摩得伽》云：不淨膏肉，雜鹽煮，病者開，《四分》：若病人不能至大小行處，當近處鑿坑，安大小便；若不能者，屋中安便器；不離床者，聽穿床作孔，便器著下。不得唾吐污地等。 > Next, explaining the method of providing supplies: The Pañcavargika-vinaya states: In places without a kappiyakāraka, a bhikṣu is permitted to wash cooking vessels himself, add water, and have someone wash the rice and put it inside, while the bhikṣu lights the fire to cook it; he then formally receives it from a kappiyakāraka and takes it to give to the sick person. The Five Hundred Questions states: For a sick bhikṣu in mountains or marshes where there are no people, and where one cannot travel back and forth within midday, a bhikṣu is permitted to prepare food for him for seven days; first purify the rice, formally receive it, and prepare it. The Ratnarāśi-sūtra and the Sūtra on Practicing Dhyāna in Āraṇya extensively explain the rules for an ill bhikṣu dwelling alone. The Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya states: If a sick person possesses nine factors, they will surely die an untimely death: first, knowing a food is not beneficial yet eating it greedily; second, not knowing how to measure portions; third, eating before earlier food is digested; fourth, forcing oneself to induce vomiting before food is digested; fifth, forcefully holding back what has already digested and ought to be expelled; sixth, food not according with the illness; seventh, not measuring portions even when food accords with the illness; eighth, indolence; ninth, lacking wisdom. It also states: If a patient, beyond robes and bowl, has the price for medicine, take it to supply him; if not, the saṃgha should provide it; if the saṃgha has none, and he possesses costly robes and bowl, exchange them for cheap ones to supply the patient. If the patient is stingy with robes and bowl, one should announce to the saṃgha: "This patient does not understand impermanence, is miserly with his robes and bowl, and refuses to trade them." Having announced to the saṃgha, gently preach the Dharma to him so that he gains understanding, and trade them thereafter; if still none, one should beg outside to give to him. If in the saṃgha, take good food and give it to the caregiver. Furthermore, one must not cherish one's own affairs and fail to look after him. The Dharmaguptaka-vinaya lists the five virtues of a caregiver, up to preaching the Dharma to the patient to bring joy, while not diminishing one's own wholesome dharmas, as in the chapter on Robe Rules. The Samantapāsādikā states: If a sick person lacks boiled decoctions and medicine, one may offer flowers, fruits, and food to others to seek in exchange boiled decoctions and medicine, and it is not an offense. The remainder is as extensively explained in fascicle thirty-eight of the Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya on the rules for caring for the sick and the rules for death. The Daśādhyāya-vinaya states: One should inquire into the cause of the illness according to the patient's needs, seek a physician, and solicit medicine; daily visit the saṃgha kitchen to ask if there is food for the sick; if not, take items from the storehouse supplied by the saṃgha; if none, one should seek outside, soliciting from virtuous, renowned, and meritorious bhikṣus. The Pañcavargika-vinaya states: Whenever it is time to distribute congee, one should ask if there is separate congee for the sick; if not, one should first give it to the sick person, and only then distribute it to the saṃgha. The Daśādhyāya-vinaya states: If a sick person can recover through medicine, whether it is impure among the Buddha and saṃgha, left overnight, touched improperly, unreceived, or kept overnight indoors, he is permitted to take it. The Upāsaka-śīla-sūtra states: A caregiver should not give rise to disgust. If one has no goods of one's own, go out to seek them; if unable to obtain them, borrow items from the Three Jewels; once recovered, repay them tenfold according to the Dharma. The Five Hundred Questions states: If a caregiver takes the patient's property to provide what the patient needs without asking the patient, or if asking causes resentment, in either case one must not use it; if already taken, it must be repaid; failing to return it constitutes a grave offense. When a bhikṣu is critically ill, he must not lack the three robes and bowl to create merit; if he does not immediately formally receive and hold old and worn robes and bowl, he commits a pāyattika. The Mātṛkā states: Impure fat and meat cooked with salt is permitted for the sick. The Dharmaguptaka-vinaya states: If a patient cannot go to the latrine, a pit should be dug nearby for urination and defecation; if he cannot do even that, place a chamber pot in the room; if he cannot leave the bed, it is permitted to pierce the bed to make a hole and place the chamber pot underneath. Spitting and soiling the floor is prohibited. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 3.317](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.3.317) - [Next: 3.319](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.3.319) - [Up: 3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.3) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804~en-mt.3.318) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (3) - [法苑珠林](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2122.95.11) — 道世, Classical Chinese - [彌沙塞部和醯五分律](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.vinaya.other-vinayas.mahisasaka*zh-buddhajiva.26.64) — Classical Chinese - [諸經要集](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.2123.19.16) — Classical Chinese --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.3.318](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1804.3.318) · Pramāṇa