[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [僧羯磨](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1809) › 3.71 # 僧羯磨 3.71 僧羯磨 3.71 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [3.71](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1809.3.71) 諍有四種（言諍、覓諍、犯諍、事諍。云何言諍？比丘共比丘諍言，引十八諍事：法、非法，乃至說、不說。若以如是相共諍言語，遂彼此共鬪，是為言諍。云何覓諍？若比丘與比丘覓罪，以三舉事：破戒、破見、破威儀，見、聞、疑，作如是相覓罪，共語不妄，求伴勢力，安慰其意，若舉、作憶念，若安此事、若不安此事，不癡、不脫，是為覓諍。云何犯諍？犯七種罪，波羅夷乃至惡說，是為犯諍。云何事諍？言諍中事作，覓諍中事作，犯諍中事作，是為事諍。舉藥對諍，律文廣明。） > There are four kinds of disputes: (disputes over words (vivāda), disputes over accusations (anuvāda), disputes over offenses (āpatti), and disputes over business (kiccādhikaraṇa). What is a dispute over words? It is when bhikṣus dispute with bhikṣus, citing eighteen disputed matters: Dharma or not Dharma, down to spoken or not spoken. If they argue with each other with such marks, eventually fighting with each other, this is a dispute over words. What is a dispute over accusations? It is when bhikṣus seek offenses against bhikṣus based on three grounds of accusation: breach of precepts, breach of view, breach of deportment; or based on seeing, hearing, or suspecting; seeking offenses with such marks, speaking together without falsehood, seeking companions and support to give confidence to their intent, making accusations or smṛti-kāraṇa, whether confirming this matter or not confirming this matter, not insane or not released—this is a dispute over accusations. What is a dispute over offenses? Committing the seven classes of offenses, from pārājika down to evil speech; this is a dispute over offenses. What is a dispute over business? The business enacted in a dispute over words, the business enacted in a dispute over accusations, and the business enacted in a dispute over offenses; this is a dispute over business. Applying the antidotes to disputes is explained at length in the Vinaya text.) > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 3.70](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1809.3.70) - [Next: 3.72](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1809.3.72) - [Up: 3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1809.3) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1809~en-mt.3.71) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (2) - [四分律](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.vinaya.other-vinayas.dharmaguptaka*zh-buddhayasas.47.10) — Classical Chinese - [尼羯磨](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1810.3.42) — Classical Chinese --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1809.3.71](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1809.3.71) · Pramāṇa