[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [天台菩薩戒疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1812) › 2.17 # 天台菩薩戒疏 2.17 天台菩薩戒疏 2.17 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1812.2.17) 第十三、無根重罪謗他戒。闕見聞疑，名為無根。重罪加誣，稱之為謗。菩薩運懷，互相讚美，使法門光顯，勝德外彰。今反加誣，塵黷賢善，外招譏醜，惱境非輕，故制犯也。別具八緣：一、前人無所犯事，二、知無犯，三、無見聞疑，四、知無見聞疑，五、起惡心，六、心加誣重罪，七、有所對境，八、言章了了，便犯。就文為三：初、標名顯過，次、教起對治，三、舉過結犯。初言「惡心」者，妬賢嫉能，非為利益，並名為惡。良人等者，外相無惡曰良，內心調柔為善。大乘戒定智慧之法，自軌軌他，受持讀誦，解說書寫，並名法師。曾蒙訓誨，三尊七證，依止上經，並師僧攝。末代佛法，付囑國王、大臣、官長、貴勢之人，外護之恩，常須頂荷，願行相資，及晷無忘，寧容謗說？次、「於父母」下，教起對治。孝順於尊，慈悲於下，既稟佛戒，於師僧等，類若六親，故云「父母」等，謂和上同父母，闍梨如伯叔兄弟等。三、「而反」下，舉過結犯。墮不如意處者，地獄別名也。說謗於他，令意減損，名不如意，此即因也。當報三途，自意不如，即是果也。 > Thirteenth, the precept against defaming others with baseless major sins. Lacking seeing, hearing, or suspicion is called baseless. Fabricating major sins against someone is called defamation. Bodhisattvas should exercise their minds to praise one another, causing the Dharma gate to be gloriously manifest and superior virtues to be displayed outwardly. Now, conversely, to fabricate accusations and defile the worthy and good invites external ridicule and ugliness, and causes not slight vexation to its object; hence an offense is instituted. It specifically comprises eight conditions: first, the other person having committed no such deed; second, knowing they have not committed it; third, lacking seeing, hearing, or suspicion; fourth, knowing one lacks seeing, hearing, or suspicion; fifth, giving rise to an evil mind; sixth, mentally fabricating major sins against them; seventh, having a specific object; eighth, the verbal expression being distinct; whereupon one commits an offense. The text has three parts: first, designating the name and revealing the fault; second, teaching the arising of the antidote; third, adducing the fault and concluding the offense. When it first says 'evil mind', being jealous of the worthy and envious of the capable, not acting for their benefit, are all called evil. As for 'free people, etc.', having no evil in external appearance is called free; being gentle and pliant in internal mind is good. Those who use the Mahāyāna teachings of precepts, concentration, and wisdom to regulate themselves and regulate others, receiving, upholding, reading, reciting, expounding, and copying them, are all called Dharma masters. Those from whom one has received instruction, the three venerable ones and seven witnesses, and those who rely on the supreme scriptures, are all subsumed under teacher-monks. In the final age, the Buddha's Dharma is entrusted to kings, ministers, officials, and people of noble influence; the debt of their external protection must constantly be carried upon one's crown, vows and practices supporting one another, unforgotten for a moment; how could one allow defaming them? Next, from 'toward parents' onward, it teaches the arising of the antidote. Being filial and compliant to superiors and compassionate to inferiors, having received the Buddha's precepts, one regards teachers and monks as kindred to the six relations; thus it says 'parents, etc.', meaning an upādhyāya is like a father or mother, and an ācārya is like uncles and brothers. Third, from 'yet conversely' onward, it adduces the fault and concludes the offense. 'Falling into disagreeable places' is another name for hell. Speaking defamation of others to diminish their spirits is called disagreeable; this is the cause. Reaping future retribution in the three destinies, where things disagree with one's own wishes, is the fruit. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.16](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1812.2.16) - [Next: 2.18](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1812.2.18) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1812.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1812~en-mt.2.17) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1812.2.17](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1812.2.17) · Pramāṇa