[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [梵網經菩薩戒本疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1813) › 4.8 # 梵網經菩薩戒本疏 4.8 梵網經菩薩戒本疏 4.8 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [4.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1813.4.8) 第六、輕重者，有五：一、約物，二、約田，三、約損，四、約心，五、合釋。初中財、法、無畏。財施有三，謂外、內、俱。就外財中通說有十：一、食等，二、藥等，三、衣等，四、財等，五、畜生等，六、奴婢，七、名聞，八、王位，九、妻妾，十、男女。皆前前不與應重，後後不與應輕。二、內身中有五：一、暫請驅使，二、取髮抓等，三、將作奴婢，四、取支節血完，五、全取身命。前前不與皆重，後後不與皆輕。二、法施中三：一、世法，二、二乘法，三、菩薩道法。三、無畏施亦三：一、捨惡，二、捨苦，三、救命。上二位皆亦前前不與而輕，後後不與為重，可知。二、約田有四：一、恩田，謂父母師主等；二、德田，謂三寶等；三、悲田，謂飢窮眾生等；四、苦田，謂困厄眾生等。皆前前不與為重，後後不與應輕。三、約損者，於上四境各有二種：一、由不給濟令彼命盡，二、命雖不盡令大苦惱等。皆有前重後輕，可知。四、約心者，亦有三毒，單雙一合等，准上知之。又慳有三品，如盧至長者等最重，其中下可知。五、約合辨者，或於劣物起上慳，對勝境為最重；或於勝物對劣境起下慳，應輕。餘句並准之。 > Sixth, degrees of gravity: there are five: 1. regarding the object, 2. regarding the field, 3. regarding the harm, 4. regarding the mind, 5. synthesizing the explanation. In the first, there are wealth, Dharma, and fearlessness. The giving of wealth has three: external, internal, and both. Regarding external wealth, generally speaking there are ten: 1. food, etc., 2. medicine, etc., 3. clothing, etc., 4. wealth, etc., 5. animals, etc., 6. male and female servants, 7. fame, 8. royal position, 9. wives and concubines, 10. sons and daughters. In all cases, not giving the former is graver, while not giving the latter is lighter. 2. Regarding the internal body, there are five: 1. temporarily requesting servitude, 2. taking hair, nails, etc., 3. taking as a servant, 4. taking limbs, flesh, and blood, 5. entirely taking physical life. Not giving the former is graver, while not giving the latter is lighter. 2. In the giving of Dharma, there are three: 1. worldly dharmas, 2. dharmas of the two vehicles, 3. dharmas of the bodhisattva path. 3. The giving of fearlessness also has three: 1. relinquishing evil, 2. relinquishing suffering, 3. saving life. In the above two categories, not giving the former is lighter, while not giving the latter is graver, as can be known. Second, regarding the fields, there are four: 1. field of gratitude, namely parents, teachers, masters, etc.; 2. field of virtue, namely the Three Jewels, etc.; 3. field of compassion, namely hungry and impoverished sentient beings, etc.; 4. field of suffering, namely distressed and destitute sentient beings, etc. In all cases, not giving to the former is graver, while not giving to the latter is lighter. Third, regarding harm: for the above four objects there are each two kinds: 1. causing their life to end due to not providing relief; 2. although life does not end, causing great distress, etc. In all cases, the former is grave and the latter light, as can be known. Fourth, regarding the mind: there are also the three poisons, single, paired, combined, etc., which can be known by inferring from the above. Furthermore, stinginess has three grades, like the householder Ruci and others being the gravest; the medium and low can be known. Fifth, regarding synthesized analysis: if one gives rise to superior stinginess toward an inferior object, when directed toward a superior field it is the gravest; or if toward a superior object directed toward an inferior field one gives rise to inferior stinginess, it should be light. The remaining permutations can all be inferred accordingly. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 4.7](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1813.4.7) - [Next: 4.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1813.4.9) - [Up: 4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1813.4) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1813~en-mt.4.8) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1813.4.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1813.4.8) · Pramāṇa