[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [菩薩戒本疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1814) › 2.144 # 菩薩戒本疏 2.144 菩薩戒本疏 2.144 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.144](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1814.2.144) 戒法尊重，理須簡器，非器輒說，反生罪過，故制斷也。大小俱制，七眾亦同。《菩薩地》云：「又諸菩薩於受菩薩戒律儀法，雖已具足受持究竟，而於謗毀菩薩藏者，無信有情，終不率爾宣示開悟。所以者何？為其聞已，不能信解，大無知障之所覆蔽，便生誹謗。由誹謗故，如住菩薩淨戒律儀，成就無量大功德藏。彼誹謗者，亦為無量大罪業藏之所隨遂，乃至一切惡言、惡見及惡思惟，未永棄捨，終不遠離。」文中「不得為利養於未受菩薩戒者前」乃至「大邪見人前亦不得說」者，若不為利，欲為將受知戒相故，雖說無犯。故《地論》云：「又諸菩薩欲授菩薩菩薩戒時，先應為說菩薩法藏摩怛履迦菩薩學處及犯處相，令其聽受。以慧觀察自所意樂，堪能思擇受菩薩戒，非唯他勸，非為勝他。當知是名堅固菩薩，堪受菩薩淨戒律儀。以受戒法，如應正授。」故知為信將欲受者，雖未受時，亦得預說，非如聲聞受後方說。未受菩薩戒者，設無異見，由未受故，不得為說。聲聞具戒，既未受大，理亦不得輒為彼說。「外道惡人」者，謂異見人也。「大邪見」者，謂毀謗人。「唯除國王」者，王得自在，成敗由彼。又令知法，清其心故，得為說也。「是惡人輩」下，呵不受人。「而菩薩」下輒說成犯，無心受者，皆名惡人。《善戒經》云：「若比丘為求罪過，聽菩薩戒，不信受教者，及不成就優婆塞戒，不成就沙彌戒，不成就波羅提木叉戒者，不得聽菩薩戒。聽者得罪。若比丘犯波羅提，不愧不悔，聽菩薩戒，得偷蘭遮。若犯偷蘭，不愧不悔，聽菩薩戒，得僧殘罪。若犯僧殘，不愧不悔，聽菩薩戒，得波羅夷罪，謂十八重若有說者，得僧殘罪。是故經中作如是言：『不信者不應聽，不信者不應說。』」 > The Dharma of the precepts is venerable and profound; in principle one must screen the vessels. Rashly speaking them to non-vessels conversely generates fault and transgression, which is why \[the Buddha\] instituted this prohibition. It is prohibited in both the Mahāyāna and Hīnayāna, and applies equally to the seven assemblies. The Bodhisattvabhūmi states: 'Furthermore, regarding the bodhisattvas' ritual rules for the reception of the bodhisattva prātimokṣa, although they have already fully received, upheld, and mastered them, they will never precipitously expound and illuminate them to non-believing sentient beings who slander the Bodhisattva-piṭaka. Why is this? Because upon hearing them, \[such beings\] cannot believe and understand them; being shrouded by the great obstacle of ignorance, they immediately generate slander. Due to this slander, just as one abiding in the pure ethical precepts of a bodhisattva accomplishes an immeasurable treasury of great merit, that slanderer likewise comes to be pursued by an immeasurable treasury of great sinful karma, up to and including that so long as all evil speech, evil views, and evil thoughts are not eternally abandoned, they will never be free from it.' As for the text's words from 'must not, for the sake of profit and offerings, in the presence of one who has not received the bodhisattva precepts' up to 'also must not speak before people of great wrong views': if it is not for profit, but out of a desire to make one who is about to receive them know the characteristics of the precepts, although one speaks them there is no transgression. Therefore the Treatise \[on the Bodhisattvabhūmi\] states: 'Furthermore, when bodhisattvas wish to transmit the bodhisattva precepts to a bodhisattva, they should first expound the Bodhisattva-dharmapiṭaka-mātṛkā, the bodhisattva śikṣāpadas, and the characteristics of the points of transgression, causing them to listen and receive them. Through wisdom they observe their own aspirations: if they are capable of deliberating and receiving the bodhisattva precepts, not merely because of another's urging and not to surpass others, you should know that this is called a resolute bodhisattva, capable of receiving the pure precepts of a bodhisattva. Through the ritual for receiving the precepts, properly transmit them in accordance with the rules.' From this we know that for a faithful person who is about to receive them, even before they have received them, one may also expound them in advance; it is not like the śrāvaka \[vinaya\], which is only spoken after ordination. One who has not received the bodhisattva precepts, even if without divergent views, must not have them spoken to them solely because they have not yet received them. Even if a śrāvaka has the full precepts, since they have not yet received the Great \[Precepts\], in principle one must also not rashly speak \[these precepts\] to them. 'Non-Buddhists and evil people' refers to people with divergent views. 'Those of great wrong views' refers to people who slander. 'Excepting only kings': a king possesses sovereign authority; success or failure depends on him. Furthermore, to make him know the Dharma and purify his mind, one may speak them for him. From 'Such evil people' downward, it rebukes those who do not receive them. From 'Yet if a bodhisattva' downward, speaking them rashly constitutes a transgression; all who have no intention to receive them are called evil people. The Bodhisattva-śīla-sūtra states: 'If a bhikṣu listens to the bodhisattva precepts in order to find faults, not faithfully receiving the teachings; or if one has not accomplished the upāsaka precepts, has not accomplished the śrāmaṇera precepts, or has not accomplished the prātimokṣa precepts, they must not listen to the bodhisattva precepts. If they listen, they incur an offense. If a bhikṣu transgresses a prātimokṣa \[precept\] and, without shame or repentance, listens to the bodhisattva precepts, he incurs a sthūlātyaya offense. If he transgresses a sthūlātyaya and, without shame or repentance, listens to the bodhisattva precepts, he incurs a saṃghāvaśeṣa offense. If he transgresses a saṃghāvaśeṣa and, without shame or repentance, listens to the bodhisattva precepts, he incurs a pārājika offense, which means the eighteen grave offenses; if someone speaks them \[to him\], they incur a saṃghāvaśeṣa offense. Therefore, in the sūtra it is said: "Those without faith should not listen; to those without faith one should not speak."' > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.143](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1814.2.143) - [Next: 2.145](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1814.2.145) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1814.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1814~en-mt.2.144) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (1) - [梵網經古迹記](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1815.2.214) — Classical Chinese --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1814.2.144](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1814.2.144) · Pramāṇa