[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [法華論疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1818) › 2.184 # 法華論疏 2.184 法華論疏 2.184 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.184](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1818.2.184) 此中明四種方便，今以三義釋之。一者未入善法眾生，令其入善。雖入善法未得無疑，故為斷疑。雖復斷疑，未入勝智，令得勝智。雖入勝智，未得解脫，故令得解脫。二者即是《勝鬘》四種重檐。云何為四？初為無聞非法眾生說人天乘，令入善法。第二說聲聞乘，斷四諦中疑，故言斷諸疑故。第三說緣覺乘，令入勝智，以緣覺智勝聲聞智故。第四方便為說大乘。於大乘中以四攝法攝之。以布施攝之，令為己眷屬。以愛語攝之，令發菩提心。以利行攝之，令善根增長。以同事攝之，令其成佛。三者依《佛性論》，為四人破四障，成四因得四果故，不多不少但明四種。初方便破闡提不信障，令信樂大乘，為成大淨種。第二方便破外道邪我相障，令得波若，為大我種子。而言斷諸疑者，無有虛妄之我，有佛性之我，於有無法中諸疑得斷。第三方便破聲聞怖畏生死障，令得破虛空三昧成就，為大樂種子。種子以勝前二種方便，故云勝智。又初一為下、次一為中、後一為上，故云增上。第四破獨覺自愛身障，令得大慈大悲成就，為大常種子，以緣覺無悲故。今明四攝法，即是大悲。 > Herein four kinds of skillful means are clarified; I now explain them with three meanings: First, for sentient beings who have not yet entered wholesome dharmas, causing them to enter the wholesome. Although they have entered wholesome dharmas, they have not yet attained freedom from doubt; hence he severs their doubts for them. Although they have severed doubts, they have not yet entered supreme wisdom; hence he causes them to attain supreme wisdom. Although they have entered supreme wisdom, they have not yet attained liberation; hence he causes them to attain liberation. Second, these are precisely the four heavy burdens in the Śrīmālādevīsūtra. What are the four? First, for sentient beings who have heard nothing and are without dharma, he expounds the human and heavenly vehicle to cause them to enter wholesome dharmas. Second, he expounds the śrāvaka vehicle to sever their doubts concerning the four truths; hence it says "to sever doubts". Third, he expounds the pratyekabuddha vehicle to cause them to enter supreme wisdom, because the wisdom of a pratyekabuddha surpasses the wisdom of a śrāvaka. Fourth, through skillful means he expounds the Mahāyāna for them, and within the Mahāyāna embraces them through the four means of embracing: embracing them through giving to make them his retinue; embracing them through affectionate speech to cause them to arouse the bodhicitta; embracing them through beneficial action to cause their wholesome roots to increase; and embracing them through cooperative conduct to cause them to attain Buddhahood. Third, relying on the Treatise on Buddha-Nature, they destroy four obstacles for four kinds of persons, accomplishing four causes and attaining four fruits; thus neither more nor less, only four kinds are clarified. The first skillful means destroys the obstacle of lack of faith in icchantikas, causing them to have faith and rejoice in the Mahāyāna, to accomplish the seed of great purity. The second skillful means destroys the non-Buddhists' obstacle of the false mark of self, causing them to attain prajñā, becoming the seed of the great self. As for saying "severing doubts", there is no illusory self, but there is the self of buddha-nature; within the dharmas of existence and non-existence, various doubts are severed. The third skillful means destroys the śrāvakas' obstacle of fear of saṃsāra, causing them to accomplish the samādhi that shatters space, becoming the seed of great bliss. Because this seed surpasses the previous two skillful means, it is called "supreme wisdom". Moreover, the first is inferior, the next is middling, and the last is superior; hence it is called "higher". The fourth destroys the pratyekabuddhas' obstacle of cherishing their own bodies, causing them to accomplish great kindness and great compassion, becoming the seed of great permanence, because pratyekabuddhas lack compassion. Now clarifying the four means of embracing is precisely great compassion. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.183](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1818.2.183) - [Next: 2.185](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1818.2.185) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1818.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1818~en-mt.2.184) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1818.2.184](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1818.2.184) · Pramāṇa