[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [佛遺教經論疏節要](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1820) › [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1820~en-mt) › 1.43 # 佛遺教經論疏節要 1.43 English (machine translation) 1.43 - **Language:** English ### [1.43](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1820~en-mt.1.43) Bhikṣu is a Sanskrit term containing three meanings: first, terrifying Māra; second, mendicant; third, destroying evil. The treatise states: "That this sūtra repeatedly speaks of bhikṣus is to manifest the characteristic of seclusion; furthermore, it shows that the upāya-mārga of the Mahāyāna is shared with the two vehicles; and also, among the fourfold assembly, they equally practice seclusion." According to the Qixin lun, Mahāyāna is translated here as 'great vehicle': 'great' refers to the three greats of essence, characteristics, and function; 'vehicle' refers to the Dharma ridden by all buddhas and bodhisattvas. Later, the sūtra demonstrates the path of forbearance, which is precisely that which bodhisattvas ride. If one were to say that the present sūtra is only what is perceived by initial and terminal lesser faculties, attaining the analysis of emptiness and quiescent silence and thus belonging to the Piṭaka teaching, one would fear missing Aśvaghoṣa's profound intent. "After my passing" manifests the meaning of the bequeathed teaching. "Honor and respect the mokṣa" refers to the Dharma that does not become utterly extinct. Because the pure dharmakāya of the non-extinct Dharma constantly performs ultimate deliverance for the world, he causes them to honor, treasure, and respect it. Sanskrit prātimokṣa is translated here as 'individual liberation', and also called 'liberation in all places'. That is to say, one does not commit the seven wrongs of body and speech, the faults of the five categories, and so on; thus it receives the former name. Once the precept-essence is intact, one definitely attains the noble fruit; thus the latter title is made manifest. The treatise states: "This mokṣa is also a dharma that accords with the vinaya, and furthermore has the meaning of the taming and subduing of all conditioned factors." Next, it demonstrates the two kinds of obstacles from which liberation attains crossing over. "Encountering light in darkness" crosses over the dark obstacle of possessing afflictions, like a blind person obtaining eyes. "A poor person finding a treasure" crosses over the obstacle of being emptily destitute of wholesome roots, like being satisfied with wealth and jewels. "Is your great master" manifests that the prātimokṣa is the great master of practice. "No different from my abiding in the world" shows that the person and Dharma sustaining \[the teaching\] to benefit \[beings\] are similar. Because when the Buddha resided in the world he constantly instructed people with the categories and collections \[of rules\], once this Dharma remains, it is as if the Buddha were present; this is the pure dharmakāya not becoming extinct. - [Previous: 1.42](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1820~en-mt.1.42) - [Next: 1.44](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1820~en-mt.1.44) - [Up: 1](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1820~en-mt.1) ## Linked texts (1) - [佛遺教經論疏節要](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1820.1.43) — Classical Chinese --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1820~en-mt.1.43](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1820~en-mt.1.43) · Pramāṇa