[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [瑜伽師地論略纂](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829) › 2.38 # 瑜伽師地論略纂 2.38 瑜伽師地論略纂 2.38 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.38](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.2.38) 論云「謂於一切處識相續中，一切種子相續俱行建立」者，總標四相，依種子立。「一切處」者，三界九地。「識相續」者，謂第八識。「一切種子相續」者，種剎那滅，無間斷故，名為相續。「俱行」者，種與本識恒俱行故。「建立」者，依此九地與第八識，相續俱行一切種子建立四相，不依現行。由三義故：一、種相續故；二、諸法因故；三、不離識故。若說種子，即說諸識。　又解云：於本識中，一切種子相續俱行法上建立四相，即是依一切有為法上建立四相，一切有為有漏、無漏若起，必與種俱行故。即是通說依現及種說四相義。於生之後即說異有者，此有二義：一、令生厭，欲顯生體自性變異，不可愛樂。若即說住，便多生愛樂、生住故。二、欲顯諸相無別用時，即此生相，與前後別，名異。既爾，隨轉名住，後必不住名滅，故不同餘宗。二異性中，初是同類法前後異，後是異類法前後異。此唯說生，由有緣力故起，餘依此立，不待因成，故言約法分位別立。《顯揚》頌云「生因相違故，無住滅兩因，自然住常過，當知任運滅。」此如五十二、《唯識》第二等說。 > The treatise says: "Namely, they are established in the continuity of consciousness in all places, co-occurring with the continuity of all seeds." This is a general heading showing that the four characteristics are established based on seeds. "In all places" means the three realms and nine planes. "Continuity of consciousness" means the eighth consciousness. "Continuity of all seeds" means that because seeds perish moment by moment without interruption, they are termed a continuity. "Co-occurring" means that seeds constantly co-occur with the mūlavijñāna. "Established" means that the four characteristics are established on the basis of all seeds that continuously co-occur with the eighth consciousness in these nine planes, not based on active dharmas. This is due to three meanings: first, because seeds are continuous; second, because they are the cause of all dharmas; third, because they are not separate from consciousness. If seeds are spoken of, all consciousnesses are spoken of. Another explanation says: The establishment of the four characteristics upon the dharmas co-occurring with the continuity of all seeds in the mūlavijñāna is precisely the establishment of the four characteristics upon all conditioned dharmas, because whenever any conditioned dharmas, defiled or undefiled, arise, they must co-occur with seeds. That is, it speaks comprehensively of establishing the meaning of the four characteristics based on both active dharmas and seeds. That difference is stated immediately after arising has two meanings: first, to cause aversion to arise, wishing to reveal that the self-nature of the entity of arising undergoes transformation and is not lovable. If abiding were stated immediately, it would mostly give rise to attachment and love for the arising of abiding. Second, wishing to reveal that the various characteristics have no separate functional moments; that very characteristic of arising, being distinct from what precedes and follows it, is called difference. Since this is so, following along in continuity is called abiding, and definitely not abiding later is called cessation; thus it differs from other schools. Between the two differences, the first is the difference between earlier and later moments of dharmas of the same kind; the second is the difference between earlier and later moments of dharmas of different kinds. This merely states that arising takes place due to the power of conditions; the rest are established based upon this without depending on causes to be accomplished, and therefore it is said to be established separately according to the states of dharmas. The Prakaraṇāryavācā verse says: "Because the cause of arising is contrary, there are no causes for abiding or cessation; abiding by nature entails the flaw of permanence; know that cessation occurs spontaneously." This is as explained in \[fascicle\] 52, Weishi fascicle 2, etc. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.37](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.2.37) - [Next: 2.39](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.2.39) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829~en-mt.2.38) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.2.38](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.2.38) · Pramāṇa