[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [瑜伽師地論略纂](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829) › 4.121 # 瑜伽師地論略纂 4.121 瑜伽師地論略纂 4.121 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [4.121](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.4.121) 第三、分別因果中有二重，初依十二支次第相望為因果。　「三唯是因」者，無明、愛、取，發業潤生之根本故。　「二唯果」者，謂生、老死，是前十支所生果故。此重依三雜染及種現之因果，所望別故。　總束緣生為因果者，略有五重：一、等起門，謂前前為因，後後為果，即此初言「初一唯因」等是。　二、本末因果，此第二亦是煩惱為本，故「三唯是因」等，此下亦云前六支及愛、取、有是因分，後二支為果分，受通二種，亦依本末以辨因果。　三、異熟非異熟因果。五十六云：又現世果所攝五支，及未來果所攝二支，總名果所攝緣起；當知餘支，因所攝緣起。《中邊》上卷亦云：因雜染者，謂煩惱、業分；果雜染者，謂所餘分。　四、熟未熟因果。《對法論》云：因時有能引、所引，即前七支；於果時有能生、所生，謂後五支。謂由無明成熟愛、取，彼增長故，行等六支熟名有故，生、老二支是所成熟。　五、分位因果，即前生、引二因云能引及能生，合十支名因，後二支為果。《唯識》亦云：十因二果定不同世。雖諸門說，五義不同，所望有殊，理無乖返。 > Third, in the analysis of cause and effect, there are two tiers. First, cause and effect are viewed according to the sequence of the twelve factors. 'Three are only causes' means ignorance, craving, and grasping, because they are the root of initiating karma and moistening birth. 'Two are only effects' means birth and old age and death, because they are the effects produced by the preceding ten factors. This tier relies on the cause and effect of the three afflictions and seeds versus manifestations, because what they are viewed in relation to is different. In summarizing dependent origination as cause and effect, there are briefly five tiers: First, the gate of co-arising, where the preceding are causes and the succeeding are effects, which is what is meant at the start by 'the first one is only cause,' etc. Second, the cause and effect of root and branches: this second tier also takes defilement as root, hence 'three are only causes,' etc.; below it also says that the first six factors together with craving, grasping, and existence are the causal portion, and the latter two factors are the effect portion, with feeling spanning both, which also distinguishes cause and effect relying on root and branches. Third, the cause and effect of vipāka and non-vipāka: fascicle fifty-six says: furthermore, the five factors subsumed under present effects and the two factors subsumed under future effects are collectively named dependent origination subsumed under effect; one should know that the remaining factors are dependent origination subsumed under cause. The first fascicle of the \*Madhyāntavibhāga\* also says: the affliction of cause is the portion of defilements and karma; the affliction of effect is the remaining portion. Fourth, the cause and effect of ripened and unripened: the \*Abhidharma-samuccaya\* says: at the time of cause there are the projecting and the projected, namely the first seven factors; at the time of effect there are the producing and the produced, namely the latter five factors. That is, by ignorance ripening craving and grasping, and their growing, the six factors of volitional action and so forth when ripened are called existence, and the two factors of birth and old age are what is ripened. Fifth, the cause and effect of states: that is, the two causes of producing and projecting mentioned earlier as projecting and producing; combining the ten factors, they are called cause, and the latter two factors are called effect. The \*Cheng weishi lun\* also says: the ten causes and two effects definitely do not belong to the same lifetime. Although explained through various gates, the five meanings differ and what they are viewed in relation to is distinct, yet in principle there is no contradiction. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 4.120](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.4.120) - [Next: 4.122](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.4.122) - [Up: 4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.4) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829~en-mt.4.121) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (2) - [瑜伽論記](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1828.3.198) — Classical Chinese - [成唯識論述記](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1830.8.342) — Classical Chinese --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.4.121](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.4.121) · Pramāṇa