[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [瑜伽師地論略纂](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829) › 9.48 # 瑜伽師地論略纂 9.48 瑜伽師地論略纂 9.48 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [9.48](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.9.48) 論難自在為因中云「若唯用彼自在為緣，是則諸行與彼自在俱應本有，何須臾生」者，此難意言：若自在是本有，亦有自在時即有諸行，諸行既與自在同時，故知諸行亦是本有。若是本有，即是常住，不應名行，以彼義中行非本有故。他既見是難已，便更立云：自在自是本有，諸行在後方生，故次論云「若言先有自在」等。論主見此轉宗，便更逐難云：若行自在後方生，是則諸行非唯自在生，更用別緣故，故次論云「是別諸行不唯自在為緣生起」等。若用自在為緣，自在有時，有諸行故，即俱應本有；若後諸行方生，是則由祈願故，後諸行方發。若諸行用欲祈願為因，何故唯自在為因？故次論云「若言自在隨其所欲功用祈願」等。既縱以欲為因，更論須徵破，故次論云「若爾，此欲為有因耶」等。假設欲有因，即用自在為因者，自在本有故，欲亦應本有，有自在時即有欲，故如前諸行破，故次論云「若言有因，如即用自在」等。設欲用自在為因既破已，後更有餘因，非用自在為因。若爾，欲別有因者，如前諸行別用欲功用祈願為因。今言復用欲功用祈願，離自在外，別法為因，是則諸行別有因生，何須妄計無用自在？故論次云「若言此欲更有餘因」等。 > In refuting Īśvara as the cause, the treatise says: "If one uses solely that Īśvara as the condition, then conditioned formations and that Īśvara should both be fundamentally existent; why would they arise in an instant?" The intent of this refutation is: if Īśvara is fundamentally existent, then whenever Īśvara exists, conditioned formations also exist; since conditioned formations are simultaneous with Īśvara, we know that conditioned formations are also fundamentally existent. If they are fundamentally existent, they are eternal and should not be called 'conditioned formations' (saṃskāra), because in their doctrine conditioned formations are not fundamentally existent. Having seen this refutation, the opponent then establishes further: "Īśvara is inherently fundamentally existent, whereas conditioned formations arise only afterward." Therefore the treatise next says, "If it is said that Īśvara exists first," and so forth. Seeing this change of thesis, the treatise master pursues the refutation further: if conditioned formations arise only after Īśvara, then conditioned formations are not produced solely by Īśvara, but also employ other conditions; therefore the treatise next says, "These other conditioned formations do not arise with Īśvara alone as condition," and so forth. If they used Īśvara as condition, then since conditioned formations would exist when Īśvara exists, both should be fundamentally existent; if conditioned formations arise only afterward, then they are initiated afterward through desire and prayer. If conditioned formations take desire and prayer as cause, why would Īśvara alone be the cause? Therefore the treatise next says, "If it is said that Īśvara acts according to his desires, exertion, and prayers," and so forth. Having tentatively granted desire as the cause, the treatise must question and refute it further; therefore the treatise next says, "If so, does this desire have a cause?" and so forth. Supposing that desire has a cause and takes Īśvara as cause, then since Īśvara is fundamentally existent, desire should also be fundamentally existent; whenever Īśvara exists, desire would exist, and thus it is refuted as with conditioned formations earlier; therefore the treatise next says, "If it is said to have a cause, such as taking Īśvara as its cause," and so forth. Supposing the view that desire takes Īśvara as cause has been refuted, there would then be another cause, not taking Īśvara as cause. If so, and desire has a distinct cause, just as conditioned formations earlier distinctly took desire, exertion, and prayer as cause, now it is said that it again takes desire, exertion, and prayer, having a distinct dharma apart from Īśvara as its cause; in that case, conditioned formations arise from distinct causes—why need one falsely postulate a useless Īśvara? Therefore the treatise next says, "If it is said that this desire has another cause," and so forth. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 9.47](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.9.47) - [Next: 9.49](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.9.49) - [Up: 9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.9) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829~en-mt.9.48) — English, machine translation ## Linked texts (1) - [瑜伽論記](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1828.8.138) — Classical Chinese --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.9.48](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1829.9.48) · Pramāṇa