[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [成唯識論了義燈](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1832) › 4.65 # 成唯識論了義燈 4.65 成唯識論了義燈 4.65 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [4.65](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1832.4.65) 問：尋、伺既非遍行，何故難他尋、伺於語，是遍行攝？答：就他宗說，實非遍行，能遍起語，即是思數。若爾，何故第二定已上，自地有思，得起語言，何假尋伺？答：麁思能發語，上細不能發，在佛即得任運語故，然薩婆多及本經部，二息非遍，尋、伺是遍而不說思，大乘如前說，末經部師許受、想二，亦非遍行，以滅定中有心無所故，尋、伺是遍，三宗差別。 > Question: Since vitarka and vicāra are not universal formations, why object against the other that vitarka and vicāra are subsumed under universal formations with respect to speech? Answer: Speaking from the perspective of the other school, they are not truly universal formations; that which can universally give rise to speech is precisely the mental factor of volition. If so, why is it that from the second dhyāna upward, where volition of its own level exists, speech can arise—why rely on vitarka and vicāra? Answer: Coarse volition can initiate speech, but higher, subtle \[volition\] cannot initiate it; in the Buddha, however, it can give rise to speech spontaneously. Now, according to the Sarvāstivādins and the fundamental Sautrāntikas, the two breaths are not universal, vitarka and vicāra are universal, and they do not speak of volition. The Mahāyāna is as explained before. The later Sautrāntika masters maintain that sensation and ideation are also not universal formations, because in the cessation attainment there is mind without mental factors, and vitarka and vicāra are universal. Such are the distinctions among the three schools. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 4.64](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1832.4.64) - [Next: 4.66](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1832.4.66) - [Up: 4](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1832.4) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1832~en-mt.4.65) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1832.4.65](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1832.4.65) · Pramāṇa