[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [因明入正理論疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1840) › 2.11 # 因明入正理論疏 2.11 因明入正理論疏 2.11 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1840.2.11) 述曰：別指法也。如立聲無常宗，所作性因，瓶為同喻。此中指法以相明故，合、結總陳。若所作者，即前總顯因之同品。見彼無常，亦則前顯決定有性。諸有生處決定有滅，母牛去處，犢子必隨。因有之處，宗必隨逐，此為合也。若有所作，其立敵證等見彼無常。如瓶等者，舉其喻依有法結也。前宗以聲為有法，無常所作為法，今喻以瓶等為有法，所作無常為法。正以所作無常為喻，兼舉瓶等喻依，合方具矣。等者，等取餘盆甖等。 > The commentary states: This points out the dharma specifically. As when establishing the thesis that sound is impermanent, with the reason of being produced, and a pot as the similar example. Here, pointing out the dharma makes the characteristics clear, so the application and conclusion are stated together. 'Whatever is produced' is the previously mentioned general demonstration of the reason's similar class. 'Is seen to be impermanent' is also the previously mentioned demonstration of definitely possessing \[the property\]. Wherever there is origination, there is definitely cessation; wherever the mother cow goes, the calf inevitably follows. Where the reason is present, the thesis inevitably follows; this is the application. If there is something produced, the proponent, opponent, and judges see that it is impermanent. 'As in the case of a pot, etc.' cites the subject that serves as the substrate of the example and draws the conclusion. In the previous thesis, sound was the subject (dharmin), and impermanent and produced were properties (dharma); now in the example, the pot, etc., is the subject, and being produced and impermanent are properties. Properly speaking, being produced and impermanent constitute the example, and additionally citing the pot, etc., as the substrate of the example completes the application. 'Etc.' includes other things such as basins, jars, and the like. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1840.2.10) - [Next: 2.12](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1840.2.12) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1840.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1840~en-mt.2.11) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1840.2.11](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1840.2.11) · Pramāṇa