[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [大乘義章](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1851) › 3.55 # 大乘義章 3.55 大乘義章 3.55 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [3.55](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1851.3.55) 或分為三。三有三門：一事妄及真離分為三、二真妄離合說以為三、三真妄和合本末為三。事妄及真離分三者，於中曲有六門分別：一分定其相、二辨定其名、三隨義分別、四明相起相攝之義、五明有修無修之義、六明有盡無盡之義。初分其相。根塵識等一切諸法，廢本談末悉是實有，以廢本故，不得云妄、不得言真，於此分中了別之心名為事識。攝末從本，會事入虛，一切諸法唯是妄想，自心所現，如夢中事皆睡心現。於此分中，能起之心及妄分別，說為妄識。是故經中說一切法悉是妄想。更作一重攝末從本會虛入實，一切諸法皆是佛性，真心所作，如夢中事皆報心作。於此分中，能起之心變為諸相說為真識，以一切法真所作故。《涅槃》宣說一切諸法悉是佛性。三識如是，從本起末亦得分三。廢末談本，心性本淨，緣起集成無盡法界，是其真識。依本起末，認實為虛，非有見有，是其妄識。依本起末，認虛為實，非實見實，是其事識。分相如是（此一門竟）。 > Or it is divided into three. There are three approaches to the three: first, dividing into three by separating phenomenal, deluded, and true; second, explaining as three through separating and consolidating true and deluded; third, making three out of the fundamental and derivative from the union of true and deluded. Regarding separating into three as phenomenal, deluded, and true, within this there are specifically six sections of analysis: first, determining their characteristics; second, determining their names; third, distinguishing according to meanings; fourth, clarifying the meanings of mutual arising and mutual subsumption; fifth, clarifying the meaning of having cultivation and lacking cultivation; sixth, clarifying the meaning of having an end and lacking an end. First, determining their characteristics: all dharmas such as faculties, objects, and consciousnesses, setting aside the fundamental to speak of the derivative, are all real existents. Because the fundamental is set aside, they cannot be called deluded, nor can they be called true; within this division, the comprehending mind is named phenomenal consciousness. Subsuming the derivative into the fundamental and resolving phenomena into unreality: all dharmas are solely deluded thoughts manifested by one's own mind, just as affairs in a dream are all manifested by the sleeping mind. Within this division, the generating mind and deluded discriminations are explained as deluded consciousness. Therefore the sūtras explain that all dharmas are entirely deluded thoughts. Making yet another level of subsuming the derivative into the fundamental and resolving unreality into reality: all dharmas are Buddha-nature, produced by the true mind, just as affairs in a dream are all produced by the karmically-rewarded mind. Within this division, the generating mind transforming into various characteristics is explained as true consciousness, because all dharmas are produced by the true. The Nirvāṇa \[Sūtra\] proclaims that all dharmas are Buddha-nature. The three consciousnesses are thus. Giving rise to the derivative from the fundamental can also be divided into three: setting aside the derivative to speak of the fundamental, the nature of mind is originally pure, arising dependently to assemble into the inexhaustible dharmadhātu; this is its true consciousness. Relying on the fundamental to produce the derivative, identifying the real as unreal and seeing existence where there is no existence; this is its deluded consciousness. Relying on the fundamental to produce the derivative, identifying the unreal as real and seeing reality where there is no reality; this is its phenomenal consciousness. Determining characteristics is thus (this one section ends). > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 3.54](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1851.3.54) - [Next: 3.56](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1851.3.56) - [Up: 3](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1851.3) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1851~en-mt.3.55) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1851.3.55](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1851.3.55) · Pramāṇa