[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [大乘義章](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1851) › 9.59 # 大乘義章 9.59 大乘義章 9.59 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [9.59](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1851.9.59) 第一釋名。證教兩行，出《地經論》。所言證者，乃是知得之別名也。實觀平等，契如名證。所言教者，義別有七：一方便行德。依教修起，從其所依，故名教行。二差別之行。可以教辨，行從詮目，故名教行。三知諸佛所說教法。從其所知，故名教行。四說法智行。能起言說，教被世間，故名教行。五平等證行。約言分異，異從教別，故名教行。六行能顯真義說為教。如因分行，名為說大。七上德下被，義名為教。如《楞伽》云「法報說等。」然此二行藉教以彰，應通名教。行成合法，應通名證。為別兩行，隱顯異名。實觀平等，證法義顯，故偏名證。方便行德，詮題易及，故獨名教。此證與教，集起名行。名義如是（此一門竟）。 > First, explaining the names. The two practices of realization and teaching come from the Daśabhūmika-śāstra. That which is called realization is an alternative name for knowing and attaining. When real contemplation is impartial and accords with suchness, it is called realization. That which is called teaching has seven distinct meanings: First, the practice-virtues of skillful means. Arising through cultivation in reliance upon teaching, it takes its name from that on which it relies, and is therefore called teaching practice. Second, differential practices. They can be distinguished by teaching; the practice is designated from what explains it, and is therefore called teaching practice. Third, knowing the taught dharmas spoken by the Buddhas. It takes its name from what is known, and is therefore called teaching practice. Fourth, the cognitive practice of preaching the Dharma. Being able to give rise to speech so that teaching covers the world, it is therefore called teaching practice. Fifth, the practice of equal realization. Distinctions are drawn on the basis of words, and since the distinctions derive from teaching, it is therefore called teaching practice. Sixth, practice being able to manifest the true is called teaching in meaning. For instance, the practice of the causal portion is called explaining the great. Seventh, superior virtues conferring benefit downward is named teaching in meaning. As the Laṅkāvatāra says: "the Dharma, reward, and expounding \[Buddhas\], etc." However, these two practices are manifested by relying on teaching, so both should universally be named teaching. When the practice is perfected and accords with dharma, both should universally be named realization. To distinguish the two practices, different names are assigned according to what is concealed and what is revealed. In real contemplation, equality and the realization of dharma are apparent in meaning, and therefore it is predominantly called realization. In the practice-virtues of skillful means, verbal designation easily reaches them, and therefore it is exclusively called teaching. This realization and teaching, when gathered and arisen, are called practice. The meanings of the names are like this (this completes the first section). > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 9.58](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1851.9.58) - [Next: 9.60](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1851.9.60) - [Up: 9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1851.9) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1851~en-mt.9.59) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1851.9.59](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1851.9.59) · Pramāṇa