[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Indian literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in) › [Buddhist Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha) › [Taishō Tripiṭaka (Chinese Buddhist canon)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho) › [肇論疏](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1859) › 2.9 # 肇論疏 2.9 肇論疏 2.9 - **Language:** Classical Chinese ### [2.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1859.2.9) 第三、歎秦王姚興也。興初承父之後，僭稱皇帝。後之皇帝，號自稱秦王，百官皆隆號，改年弘始。今不稱天子，此云天王耳。道契百王之端下，道居前王之表，故云百王之端。德潤洽於未來之世，故云千載之下。遊刃萬機者，智刃也。《莊子內篇．養生章》云：庖丁為文惠君解牛，手之所觸、肩之所倚、足之所履、膝之所踦，砉（呼歷反）然響然，奏刀騞然，莫不中音，合於桑林之舞，乃中經首之會。文惠君曰：嘻善哉！伎蓋至於是乎。庖丁釋刀對曰：臣之所好者道也，進乎伎矣乎。始臣解牛之時，所見無非牛者；三年之後，未嘗見全牛也，方今之時，臣以神遇而不以目視。良庖歲更刀而割也，族庖月更刀而折也。今臣之刀，十九年矣。所解數千牛矣，而刀刃若新發於硎。彼節者有聞，而刀刃者無厚。以無厚入有間，恢恢乎，其於游刃必有餘地矣。萬機者，《尚書．咎繇謨》曰：兢兢業業，一日二日萬機。孔注云：幾，微也，言當戒懼萬事之微。今作「機」字，仍是單機字也。言秦王者，外能遊智刃斷割國務、內能終日弘通佛道也。信季俗蒼生之所天下，信，言信是也。季者，孟、仲、季，季，末也。信秦王是季俗蒼生所仰如天，釋迦遺法之所憑如杖。亦杖託之杖也，遺法杖之而得興盛也。而言蒼生者，蒼是天色。《莊子．逍遙篇》云：天之蒼蒼，其正色耶。今云天生，故云蒼生，所謂眾生也。時乃集義學沙門下，于時集諸僧也。義學，謂學義者也。秦時有逍遙園，園中有觀，故云逍遙觀也。叡師云：逍遙園西明閣。閣亦觀也。逍遙園在西京故城之北，臨渭水也。躬執秦文與什參定方等者，什法師弘始三年十二月二十日至長安，弘始五年四月二十三日，於逍遙園中出《大品經》。秦王躬覽舊經，驗其得失。今言其事也。其所開託者下，明秦王所請譯經。開託法門者，非但取益當時，乃為末代津梁也。累劫者，意云當來久遠利益也。 > Part three praises the Qin king, Yao Xing. When Xing first succeeded his father, he improperly assumed the title of Emperor. Later, he relinquished the imperial title and referred to himself as the King of Qin, conferring elevated titles upon all his officials and changing the reign era to Hongshi. Here he is not called "Son of Heaven," but is instead called "Heavenly King." > From "His way accords with the foremost of the hundred kings" down \[to "his virtue enriches the coming ages"\]: His way stands preeminent among former kings, hence "the foremost of the hundred kings." His virtue moistens and enriches future generations, hence "a thousand years later." > "His blade moves freely through the myriad affairs": This refers to the blade of wisdom. The chapter "The Secret of Caring for Life" in the Inner Chapters of the \*Zhuangzi\* states: "Cook Ding was carving an ox for Lord Wenhui. At every touch of his hand, every lean of his shoulder, every tread of his foot, every drive of his knee, the flesh parted with a sound, and the knife slid through with a whisper, perfectly in rhythm—harmonizing with the 'Dance of the Mulberry Forest' and keeping time with the 'Jingshou' suite. Lord Wenhui said, 'Ah, how wonderful! Can skill indeed reach such heights?' Cook Ding laid down his knife and replied, 'What your servant loves is the Dao, which goes beyond mere skill. When I first began carving oxen, all I saw was the whole ox. After three years, I no longer saw a whole ox. And now, I encounter it with spirit rather than looking with my eyes. A good cook changes his knife once a year because he cuts; a common cook changes his knife once a month because he hacks. Now your servant's knife has been in use for nineteen years, having carved several thousand oxen, yet its blade is as keen as if fresh from the whetstone. The joints have spaces, and the edge of the blade has no thickness. Inserting that which has no thickness into that which has space—vast and spacious, there is surely more than enough room for the blade to move freely!'" > Regarding the "myriad affairs" (\*wanji\*): The "Counsel of Gao Yao" in the \*Shangshu\* states: "Be fearful and cautious; in one day, in two days, there are ten thousand occasions (\*wanji\*)." Kong's commentary says: "\*Ji\* means subtle; it means that one must be cautious and fearful regarding the subtleties of myriad matters." Here the character \*ji\* (機) is written, which is still the single character \*ji\*. > Saying this of the King of Qin means that outwardly he can wield the blade of wisdom to decide and resolve state affairs, while inwardly he can propagate the Buddha-Dao all day long. > From "Truly, he is what the common people of this degenerate age look up to as heaven": "Truly" means it is genuinely so. "Degenerate" (\*ji\*) refers to the order of birth or seasonal months (the first, second, and third months of a season, where \*ji\* is the last); \*ji\* means the end. It is true that the King of Qin is what the common people of this degenerate age look up to as heaven, and what Śākyamuni's bequeathed Dharma relies upon as a staff. It is also the staff of reliance; relying on him, the bequeathed Dharma flourishes. As for "common people" (\*cangsheng\*), \*cang\* is the color of the sky. The "Free and Easy Wandering" chapter of the \*Zhuangzi\* says: "Is azure (\*cangcang\*) the sky's true color?" Here it means "those born of heaven," hence "common people" (\*cangsheng\*), meaning all sentient beings. > From "Thereupon he assembled the śramaṇas versed in doctrine": At that time he gathered the monks. "Versed in doctrine" refers to those who study the teachings. During the Qin there was the Xiaoyao Garden, and within the garden was a belvedere, hence called the Xiaoyao Belvedere. Master Sengrui says: "The Western Bright Pavilion of the Xiaoyao Garden." A pavilion is also a belvedere. The Xiaoyao Garden was located north of the old city of the Western Capital, overlooking the Wei River. > Regarding "He personally held the Qin texts to collate and verify the vaipulya scriptures with Kumārajīva": Master Kumārajīva arrived in Chang'an on the twentieth day of the twelfth month of the third year of Hongshi; on the twenty-third day of the fourth month of the fifth year of Hongshi, he translated the \*Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā\* in the Xiaoyao Garden. The King of Qin personally examined the older translations to verify their strengths and weaknesses. This passage speaks of that event. > From "That which he opened and entrusted": This clarifies the scriptures that the King of Qin requested to be translated. "Opening and entrusting the Dharma gates" not only brought benefit at that time, but also served as a bridge and ford for future generations. "For successive kalpas" conveys the intention of bringing benefit into the distant future. > — English (machine translation) (machine translation) - [Previous: 2.8](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1859.2.8) - [Next: 2.10](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1859.2.10) - [Up: 2](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1859.2) ## Translations (1) - [English (machine translation)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1859~en-mt.2.9) — English, machine translation --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1859.2.9](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.taisho.1859.2.9) · Pramāṇa